Inganji Karinga: Igice Cya I

Baca umugani ngo ijya kurisha ihera ku rugo. Abazasoma iki gitabo ntibazaburamo abibaza icyo ilyo zina livuga, kuko baca undi mugani ngo: « Unyuze mw’ishyamba atazi, ahaca inkoni atazi »., Ibyo tugiye gusoma, abenshi ntitwali tubizi: haboneka wenda abagura igitabo gitekereza ibyo batali bazi, bakagisangana izina batazi. INGANJI, ni ijambo lituruka ku lyo KUGANZA. Inganji Karinga rero ni ukuvuga ko Ingoma yacu y’ngabe yaganje izindi igasigara yihaliye aho zahoze zose. Ingoma y’Ingabe, ni ukuvuga Ingorna yerekana Ubwami bw’Igihugu. Ingabe zacu ni enye : Ingabe ihatse u Rwanda, ikagaragaza Umwami yonyine, ni Karinga. Ingabekazi yayo, ni Cyim’umugizi. Ilyo Cyim’umugizi, ni ukuvuga ko « Igihugu cyima Umwami ukigira, akakirema, akakibamo Nyamugira-ubutangwa ». Mbere ya Karinga, Ingabe y’u Rwanda yitwaga RWOGA, yaremwe na Gihanga, inyagwa n’Abanyabungo, igihe Umwami wacu Ndahiro II Cyamatare aguye i Rubi rw’i Nyundo, iriya mu Bugamba (Provinsi ya Cyingogo). Aho umuhungu we Ndoli ahungukiye, ava i Karagwe, yimye afite ingoma yitwa NANGAMADUMBU. Aho amaliye gutsinda abamurwanizaga, yimika Karinga. Iyo ye ya Nangamadumbu ayiha Abiru bo kwa Gitandura, ayibashurnbusha byo kubashimira ko Gitandura yali yaracikanye Cyim’umugizi, igihe bicikiye i Rubi rw’i Nyundo; Cyim’umugizi igaruka i Bwami ityo, aba ariyo ngoma ya Gihanga igumana na Karinga, uko yahoranye na Rwoga. Ingabe zindi dufite, ni Mpats’ibihugu na Kiragutse. Ili ni ukuvuga ko igihugu cyabaye kigaIi, cyagutse. Zo zaremwe na Kigeli IV RwabugiIi, ejobundi, aziremana n’indi yitwaga Icy’umwe, yahiliye ku Rucuncu, mu ipfa lya Mibambwe IV Rutarindwa. Bavuga ko na Butare yali ingabe; yali ingoma yimitswe na Kigeli IV Rwabugili na yo, bayitakaho amasaro umubili wose: na yo yahiliye ku Rucuncu. Ingabe yerekana Ubwami, uko Karinga imeze mu Rwanda, iruta Umwami ku bukuru n’icyubahiro. Ni yo yima igihugu, Immana ikayitorera Umwami wo kuyima. N’aho Umwami yatanga asize ubusa, igihugu cyaguma aho ikacyima ubwayo, abakomoka ku Mwami bo mu nda y’ingoma bakayirwanira, aliko ntihagire uyima muli bo, kuko badakomoka ku Mwami wayirazwe uharuka kuyima. Aho ili, Umwami atahali ivugima nk’i igoma ubwayo. Iyo ili ku mugendo hose bayakira nk’Umwami, ikagira abayishengerera umunsi n’ijoro; kandi n’Umwami ubwe yajyaga kuyishengerera; yaba ili ku mugendo Umwami akayigenda inyuma. Igihugu gifite Ingabe, gitsindwa iyo abakinesheje bacyatse Ingabe yacyo. Igihe benecyo bakiyihishe, baba bizeye ko bazabyutsa umutwe: biba byitwa ko igihugu cyabo cyaneshejwe gusa, kitaratsindwa. Imibare y’ikilatini Muli iki gitabo, muzasangamo imibare y’ikilatini ikulikiye izina ly’Umwami lyerekana uko Abami bitiranwa bagiye bakulikirana. Abami n’Abapapa bandikwaho bene iyo mibare,kuko mbere yo kwima baba barahoranye izina lyabo lya Rubanda; bamara kwima rero bakagira irindi lishya, liba lyaragizwe n’abandi mbere ye. Ngiye kubereka iyo mibare, nyihindure mu mibare isanzwe, kugira ngo muyimenyere aho, ubundi nimubona bayikulikije kwu izina mujye mumenya icyo ivuga. Dore ngiyi : Imibare Imilatini Isanzwe Imilatini Isanzwe I ni 1 XIII ni 13 II ni 2 XIV ni 14 III ni 3 XV ni 15 IV ni 4 XVI ni 16 V ni 5 XVII ni 17 VI ni 6 XVIII ni 18 VII ni 7 XIX ni 19 VIII ni 8 XX ni 20 IX ni 9 XXI ni 21 X ni 10 XXII ni 22 XI ni 11 XXIII ni 23 XII ni 12 XXIV ni 24 XXV ni 25 Ni uko rero, ngira ngo ntimuzabona amazina y’Abami, cyangwa y’Abapapa arengejeho. Izina ly’Ubupapa lyatowe na benshi ni ilya Yohani, ligeza kuli Yohani XXIII (uwa 23). Iy’Abami b’u Rwanda lyagize benshi ni ilya Yuhi, ligeza kuli Yuhi V (uwa 5) Musinga.) Nimubona Leopoldi III, muzamenya ko ari uwa3 wiswe ilyo zina mu Bami b’Ababiligi. Nimubona Georgi VI, muzamenye ko mu Bwongereza ali uwa 6 wiswe ilyo zina. Nimubona Papa Piyo XII muzamenya koari uwa 12 mu Bapapa biswe iIyo lya Piyo, mbere ye hakaba hali abandi 11. Nimubona Kigeli IV, muzamenya ko ari uwa 4 (ali we Rwabugili) wiswe ilyo zina mu Bami b’u Rwanda. Aho gushyiraho iyo mibare tutali tuzi, mu kinyarwanda twashyiragaho izina ly’Ubututsi, likatumenyesha uwo Mwami uwo ali we. Bavugaga Kigeli Ndabarasa, ukamenya ko ali uwa gatatu, kUko mbere ye hali Kigeli Mukobanya na Kigeli Nyamuheshera; n’ayandi kandi ni uko. Noneho mubitore, ubwo twageze mu bitabo. IGICE CYA I U Rwanda rwa mbere I nteruro Rubanda mwese mugiye gusoma aka gatabo 1 – Inganji Karinga ije kubatekerereza ibyo mu Rwanda bya kera, kugira ngo murusheho kumenya icyo muli cyo. Ubu Abazungu batuzaniye ubwenge n’ibindi byo kutugira abakungu. Aliko rero abatazi ubulyo bwo kubyendana ubwenge, byabatera guhinduka impogoma. Mwagiye mubona ababyisutsemo babijyanyemo ubuswa, bakabona ko ubwenge Abazungu batuzaniye ali ukutagira isoni, no kugendera ku magare gusa. Aliko rero ngira ngo mu Banyarwanda bandi nta wibwira ko bene abo bamurusha ubwenge, biturutse muli beno iyo migenzereze ibuze hose: ntibe mizungu, ntibe na minyarwanda! Nonese n’aho wakwigerekaho amabuye, hali Umwirabura watora neza imico ya kizungu, ikamumeraho neza nka beneyo ? Uwashidikanya, azase n’uwibwira Umuzungu watora imico yacu ikamumeraho nk’uko itumezeho. 2 – No mu kizungu haba ubupfura cyane. Icyo bashima cyacu, si ukutubona twarabaye ibyomanzi: bashaka ko tujya mbere mu bwenge no mu bukungu, aliko dukulikije imico ya gipfura yacu izatugira abantu bakwiliye icyubahiro muli benewacu. Kwiroha mu byabo rero ubijyanyemo ubuswa, ugasuzugura ibyacu, byaba nka wa mugani, ngo: «Wabonye isha itamba uta n’urwo wali wambaye!.» Ni ugusigara mu gihirahiro, utagira aho wegamye. Naho rero Umunyarwanda uzi ubwenge,. yenda ibya kizungu aruzi ko bimufitiye akamaro, akabyuzurisha ubunyarwanda bwe aho butali bwuzuye; icyo yenze cyose cya kizungu akacyenda ahâhira ku bunyarwanda bwe! Kandi kubigira utyo ni ngombwa kuli ubu: ibya kinyarwanda biracyaducagatiye henshi. Kuli ubu uwashaka kwikundira ubunyarwanda bwe bwonyine, yaba ari injiji; aliko rero n’uwashaka kwiroha mu bya kizungu byonyine, byamuhindura icyomanzi cy’igihindugembe. 3 – Iki gitabo rero kigiye kubibutsa icyo tuli cyo. Kugira ngo nitujya kwenda ibya kizungu, tubyende tuzi ishingiro lyacu, tuzi i’cyo tugiye guhahiraho!I Kigiye kutwibutsa ko tutali intaratsi, Mungu yapfuye kujugunya aho. Kizatwereka ko u Rwanda ari igihugu gishinze imizi, gifite amasekuruza maremare, kizatwereka ko twagize abasekuruza baturemeye iki gihugu, bakarema imico yacu basize batwigishije! Mbese rwose kiratubwira kiti: «Witegereze ibyo abasekuruza bawe bakoze. Baremye u Rwanda bararwagura mu bugali. Ubu amahoro yaraje: nta mirwano ikiliho yo kurwagura mu bugali. Aliko rero niba utihakana abo basekuruza bawe, wungure u Rwanda aho rutarakura: ugerageze kurwungura ku bwenge bwa roho n’ubw’umubili. Wibuke ko ibi ngiye kugutekerereza, na we uzabitekerezwaho ku ngoma zizaza. » Mwitondere ukuntu iki gitabo kizandikwa. 4 – Iki gitabo tugiye kwandika kizadutekerereza ibyabaye mu Rwanda bya kera, kiroroshye, kandi kiraruhije byombi! Kworoha kwacyo, bituruka kuko atali ibintu by’ibihimbano twifindafindiye, ngo tugire tuti: « Byaturaje kw’ijoro tubihimbahimba. » Ni ibintu twabwiwe n’abakuru bali baragize umwete wo kubyitoza hambere bigihimbaje rubanda. Iyo uhuye n’ubizi akabikubwira, urushywa no kubyandika, no kuzakulikiranya neza ibyo wagiye usakuma hilya nohino. Gukomera kwabyo kandi ni uko ali bwo bwambere haboneka umuntu ugerageza kubyandika mu kinyarwanda, abitekerereza kandi Abanyarwanda. Gukora ikintu cyigeze gukorwa n’abandi mbere yawe, n’iyo utabîgânye, nibura ibyabo biguha inzira uzakulikiza, bikakworohereza umulimo. 5- Nanone mbere habonetse abantu banditse iby’u Rwanda, aliko babyandika mu gifransa, kandi bandika ku bulyo Abazungu bakunda kubwirwa iby’ino; nta bwo byanditse inzira imwe n’ibi ngibi mugiye kubona. Abanditse nk’ibyo b’ingenzi ni babili: Padri Pagès, wahoze ku Nyunclo wanditse igitabo cyitwa « Un Royaume hamite au centre de l’Afrique» (Ngo: Ingoma ntutsi muli Afrika yo hagati.) Icyo gitabo cyanditswe hambere, kikabamo ibitekerezo by’ingoma zose, aliko by’iningwa rero! Aho yirambuye gato, ni ku ngoma ya Ruganzu II Ndoli, n’iya Kigeli IV Rwabugili. Undi wanditse igitabo cy’igihangange, ni Padri Shanwani (M. le Chanoine de Lacger) cyitwa Le Ruanda ancien et moderne, (ngo: U Rwanda rwa kera n’urwa vuba). Cyanditse ku bulyo bwa kizungu na none, ntikinarondora iby’ingoma zose; aliko rero kibikoraho ku bulyo bwashimisha Abanyarwanda, iyaba cyali cyanditse mu rulirni bumva. Haliho n’abandi banditse utuntu hilya no hino aliko rero ab’ikubitiro ni abo uko ahi babili. 6- Noneho iki gitabo nta giye kwandikwa ku bulyo bwa kizungu: kiratekereza iby’u Rwanda bya kera, mu rulimi rwacu, kandi ku bulyo Abanyarwanda babitekereza, kinabikuye ruhandi! Byongeye kandi ubwo tutali abazungu, ntituzilirwa dukorakora muli ibyo bintu bitaduhimbaje, ali byo abazungu bikundira! Tuzibasira gusa ibitekerezo bya kera, tubijyane umujyo umwe, tuzabigeze kuli iyi ngoma ya Mutara. Aliko rero n’ubwo tutazakulikiza ikizungu bwose, tuzagerageza kubitekereza tubivanguramo amahomvu ya rwana yagiye ashyirwamo n’amandabirane y’abacamigani. Koko rero kenshi twumva ibintu batekereza, kimwe kikaba cyiza ukwacyo ; aliko wabishyira hamwe, ugasanga bimwe bivuguruza ibindi. Hakabaho se n’ubwo bitavuguruzanya, aliko rero mu magarabo ukumva ko ali ibintu by’ibihimbano bidashora kubaho. Ibyo kandi by’amahomvu y’amahimbano ntibiba mu Rwanda gusa; ubusanzwe igihugu kitazi kwandika, amakuru yacyo ya kera ahanini nta bwo akunda kubamo iy’imvaho, ngo nuyumva, wibwire uti: «Uko babintekerereje uku ni ko byagenze koko, ni ko aya magarabo yavuzwe yose. » 7- Kuki? Kuko ababonye ikintu batazi kwandika, bagitekerereza abana babo mu magambo, bamara gupfa rero, ba bana babo na bo bakagitekerereza abana babo, aliko mu yandi magambo, atali yayandi bacyumvisemo mbere. Abuzukuru n’abuzukuruza ba bo, n’ubuvivi, n’abazabakomokaho ku ngoma zindi bakazagumyakubihererekanya batyo umwe abyivugira muye magambo, undi mu ye! Aho bitali binogereje neza, bagashaka ko hanoga: hamwe bakahatanaga cyane, ugasanga nta ko hasa! N’uko amagambo amwe bakayahindagura, andi bakayakuliliza ; ahabuze akantu bakahahimbira akandi. Yaba ali umugabo w’igihangange basingiza, kenshi bakajya kumutilira ibyo bumvise mu bitekerezo bindi bihimbitse neza, n’ibyo bajyaga baca mu migani bakabimwambika ugasanga yahindutse igitangaza cyibereye aho! 8 – Dore haba ubwo umuntu w’intwali yicisha umubisha icumu; bagakomeza rero kumurata. Haca nk’ingoma eshatu cyangwa enye, bakabona ko umuntu w’igihangange nka we adakwiliye kwicisha icumu byonyine. N’uko bakamuhimbira akantu kameze nk’ibyivugo bajyabumva, bati: « Barasakiranye, aralikaraga. Alikoreye, bumva inkuku zba bita! Umusereko walyo ubengeranye mu zuba, bagira ngo ni umurabyo! Umuhunda ukomanye n’ikigembe ararekera! Lijya mu ly’agaca, liva mu ly’agaca lijya mu ly’akanira, liva mu ly’akanira lijyà mu lya kagoma! Maze aragenda alimugema mu rwano, lyandurutse lifata mu bandi babisha batandatu, lisiga libaralitse ku nzira! Nuko lifata ku gasozi hakulya, lihaca igitengu: ni byo bya bihernbe by’aha n’aha mujya mwumva!» 9- Bene ibyo rero akamaro kabyo, ni uko bitwigisha urulimi rwacu gusa : uwabitegerezamo ibitekerezo by’ukuli byigeze kubaho koko, ugasanga abishegera, abigira impaka, yaba ali umuntu Mungu yahaye ukwemerakurengutse! Aliko rero niduhura na bene ibyo, tuzajya tubibatekerereza uko twabyumvise, kuko bihimbaza igitekerezo. Aliko rero hanyuma tuzajya tugerageza kubarobanuliramo amagambo y’iremezo yavugwaho kuba igitekerezo gikwiliye kuvugwa n’umuntu uciye akenge. Kubona umuntu uzi ubwenge agutekerereza ibintu by’amahomvu, cyangwa by’imigani, uruzi ko akomeje, yabishegeye, si byiza. 10 -Ni uku rero limwe na limwe muzajya mubona ibintu mwali mwaligeze kwumva ubundi mu migani, no mu bitekerezo bya rubanda. Nimubona byanditse ku bulyo budahuje n’uko mwajyaga mubyumva muzicare muzi ko twabibabwiye hakili kare! Nimubona kandi ibyo bajyaga bakabyamo byanditse aha ku bulyo bubipfobya., ntimuzababare ngo ni ngo ni ugushaka guhinyura ibyacu. Impamvu yabyo nayibabwiye: tuzakulikiza ahanini Ibisigo n’Ibitekerezo basobanuramo Ibisigo. Mu Kinyamateka cya novemberi 1941, ku rupapuro rwa 3 n’urwa 4, twabasobanuriye akamaro k’Ibisigo, tubaha n’urugero rwabyo; urwo rugero twaberetse rwali urwo kwumvisha ko Ibisigobidahindagulika nk’Ibitekereo, kuko iteka bagumya kubitora mu magambo byahimbwemo. Ubu ntitwakwilirwa tubisubiramo, kuko aha ngaha atali umwanya wabyo. Imilyango ya kera 11 – Tutaratangira gutekereza iby’u Rwanda bya kera, twakwibaza uko igihugu cyacu cyali kimeze kera, bya rnbere na mbere. Aliko rero gutekereza ibyo by’intangiliro, biraruhije, kuko nta Munyarwanda ukibyibuka, wigeze yiga kubitekereza. Nyamara rero baca umugani ngo: « Ikinyoni kigurutse kitavuze bacyita icyana!” N’ubwo Abanyarwanda batakibyibuka bwose, reka ngerageze kubibatekerereza mu magambo make, uko Abahanga mu bumenyi bw’imilyango babitekereza. U Rwanda ruragumiliza kujya mbere: ikitaduteraga amatsiko, ejo twakwibaza uko byagenze. Baca umugani muli rubanda ngo: « Uwo ulibuheke ntumwisha urume ! » Ubwo bizavugwa na bwa bulya bwa lyali, ngira ngo ibyiza ni ukuvuga mu magambo make, nibura uko intege zibiduhaye ! 12- Twebwe mu Banyarwanda, ibintu tuzi bya kera tubibwirwa n’Abasizi, n’Abatekereza bashize ubute bwo kubibaliliza no kubyitoza. Ibyo ni byiza cyane, kuko bitubwira ibitekerezo byinshi tutajyaga kuzibwira. Aliko rero Abahanga mu Bumenyi bw’ Imilyango bagira ubundi bulyo butavuguruzwa, bwo guhishura ibyabaye kera, bitashobora kumenywa n’Abanyabitekerezo. Dore bene uwo Muhanga mu Bumenyi bw’Imilyango, ashatse nko kumenya uko u Rwanda rwali rumeze mbere na mbere Abatutsi batararwadukamo, yakwigira muli aya mahugu ya Kongo atwegereye, akareba uko Abahutu baho bagenza. Akibwira ati: « Ubwo nta Batutsi bigeze gute-geka ino, kandi aba Bahutu bo muli ibi bihugu bakaba bafite isano n’Abahutu bo mu Rwanda, ubanza abo mu Rwanda barahoze bagenza nk’aba » Nuko rero akitegereza neza abo bo muli Kongo, akareba ukuntu bafite Abahinza bose, ali bo Bakuru b’Umulyango, n’ibindi byinshi. Byarangira rero akaza mu Rwanda : akîgîra muli za Provinsi zo mu nkiga, aho imico ya gitutsi italiganza. Akahasanga iby’Abahinza, n’utundi tugenzo yabonye mu b’i Kongo. 13- Byarangira akajya mu Buganda, agahetura no mu Burundi, n’i Karagwe : areba hose uko Abahutu bo muli ibyo bihugu bagenza nk’ab’i Kongo kuli twa tugenzo yahakuye. Iteka rero agasanga amahugu yose yiganjemo Abahutu ahuliye kuli twa tugenzo. Byarangira akagira ati: « Aba Bahutu bo muli ibi bihugu ko badaturanye, bakaba badaherutse kwimuka mu gihugu kimwe, ngo tugire tuti ntibaribagirwa imico bavuyemo vuba, ni iki cyatumye bahuza izo ngeso n’iyo migenzo, n’iyo mihango nagiye nsanga hose ? » Akisubiza ati: « Birerekana ko aliimico y’Abahutu iyo bava bakajya. Iyo ubihoreye ali bonyine ni ko babigenza. Na kera rero, abo mu Rwanda bahoze bagenza nk’Abahutu,bandi bo mu bihugu bibakikije, icyabitandukanyije, n’uko Abatutsi badutse bakabatsinda, bakabatoza imico yindi itali iyo bahoranye ! » N’uko rero imigenzo yo mu bihugu bitwegereye ikamubwira ityo uko Abahutubo mu Rwanda ba kera bahoze bagenza, abikulije kuko agereranyije atyo. 14 – Bene uwo Muhanga se, haba ubwo yashaka kumenya uko Abatutsi bagenzaga ubwo badutse ino. Yaza mu Rwanda kubitegereza, agasanga ali abantu bamuyobeje. Ati : «Ese, ko aba Batutsi bakunda inka n’ubutaka, icyabo bwite ni ikihe ?Ese baje mu Rwanda baragiye inka zabo ali zo zibagenza, cyangwase baje ali abahinzi bakunda imilima, hanyuma inka bazungukira mu Rwanda? » Byamara kumujija, ati: «Henga nkwereke ikizabimbwira! » Ati: “ Icya imbere : Abatutsi bacyaduka ino, baje baturuka hehe? » Ati: «Icyakora nta bwo baturutse mu Burengera-zuba bw’u Rwanda, kuko mu byaKongo batazi umututsi icyo ali cyo. Nta bwo rero hashobora kuba amavukiro yabo, wa mugani baca ngo : Ziba zidakwiliye n’abanyazi, ngo : uraramure?” Ati : « ikindi kandi, ntibaturutse mu Majy’epfo y’u Rwanda, kuko n’ubwo baba mu Burundi n’u Buha, hilya y’ibyo bihugu ali indili y’abahutu! Iyo ndili yaba yaravubuye abatutsi ite, ntisigarane n’uw’imbuza-kurahira? » Ati: « Byongeye kandi, nta bwo baturutse mu Burasira-zuba bw’u Rwanda, kuko nanone hilya y’i Karagwe ah i ibihugu by’abahutu nyilizina! ». 15 – Yamara guhebera aho hose, : « Reka ndebere no mu majya-ruguru y’u Rwanda! » Yagera mu Ndorwa akahasanga Abahima ; akabasanga no mu Nkole, no muli Toro, no mu Bunyoro. Agakomeza akagenda abaramutsa inzira yose, atârûra imilyango yabo ku nzira, akâzarinda agera muli Abisiniya : agasanga ali yo abatutsi bagandiye, ali yo mavukiro yabo. Ntiyilirwe ashidikanya, akamenya ko Abatutsi bo mu Rwanda ali agasesekare k’abo muli Abisiniya! Agashikama rero akitegerereza imigenzereze y’abo ba ruguru: agasanga ali ba nyarushumba, batunzwe n’amata ahanini, n’ibiremve n’inyama. Agasanga urugo rwabo ali igikumba inka zabo zarayeho. Akagaruka ino yiruka: akareba ukuntu abatutsi b’ino bakunda inka, n’amata, n’ukuntu bazigishisha, n’ibindi byose muzi. Ati: « Irorerere nabimenye : aba Batutsi bo mu Rwanda, bacyaduka ino bali bameze nka bene-wabo aba ba ruguru. Imico n’imigenzereze y’Abagalla bo muli Abisiniya, n’iy’Abamasayi bo muli Kenya, n’Abahima bo mu Nkole n’i Ndorwa, byose biranyumvisha uko Abatutsi bali bameze : baje ino babungerana inka ; ibyo gukunda ubutaka babitojwe n’abahutu bahasanze. » N’uko ukicara akagutekerereza imico bahoranye, byo se yarabyize kuli ubwo bulyo. 16 – Ngubwo ubulyo bukomeye, kandi butabeshya, kandi butavuguruzwa, bwo kwerekana ibintu byakera bitakizwi na rubanda. Na none bene ibyo ntibihishuraamazina y’abantu ngo bikubwire biti: «Habaye urugamba aha » Aliko ni ubulyo bwerekana imico y’abahozeho, n’imigenzereze yabo n’indimi bavugaga, n’ukuntu imilyango imwe yakulikiranye gutsindana yigarulira ibihugu ituyemo, n’utundi twinshi two mu gihugu. Gutekereza rero ibyo mu Rwanda bya mbere na mbere, ni ugukulikiza bene iyo nzira y’Ubuumenyi bw’imilyango, ukajya ushyiramo n’ibitekerezo bimwe na bimwe bacyibuka! Abatwa 17 -Ubwa mbere na mbere, u Rwanda rwahoze ali ishyamba ibyo nta we utabyibwira. Kuko ishyamba licibwa n’abantu, balitemye bakalitwika se. Umuntu atarahinguka, liba ikigugu, ligahekeranya imigogo, likaguma aho.Abantu rero bataratema ilyo shyamba lyo mu Rwanda, lyarahahoze. Abo bavuga babanje kugera mu Rwanda, ni Abatwa, aba b’Impunyu. No muli aya mahugu atwegereye ya Kongo, amashyamba ya henshi atuwe n’Abatwa b’Impunyu zitwa Abambuti. Iteka iyo abahutu bageze aho, bagakonda ishyamba, abatwa bîgiranayo na lyo. N’abacu bo mu Rugano murabizi ni kimwe; kutagira ingo’ si ubukene bundi. Impamvu n’uko imico yabo n’imigenzo yabo ali ukuba ibitura-shyamba. Ahanini bitungirwa no guhiga inyamaswa. 18 – Urebe ko ilyo shyamba ali ilyabo, baralyigabagabanyije, umulyango umwe w’Abatwa ukagira Provinsi yabo, undi iyabo. Bamwe bagahiga muli Provinsi yabo, abandi mu yabo : ntihagire urenga, urubibi rw’undi. Kurenga imbago, ni igihe bakulikiye inyamaswa bâvumbuye iwabo ; nk’iyo bâbaga bayikomerekeje, bashoboraga kuyikulikira hose, ntihagire-kubabuza. Abahutu kandi bakondaga ishyamba, cyangwa abagikagamo imizinga yabo, twumvise ko bagiraga ituro ly’Umutware w’Abatwa b’aho ngaho. Yaba yanze kubatura, imizinga ye bakayisesa, cyangwase yaba ahinze bakajya bamwononera. Byongeye kandi, uko bakondaga ishyamba, aho bâtamuruye basangaga imisozi yaho ifite amazina yiswe n’Abatwa kéra! Ahakili ishyamba lyakondwaga nko mu Cyingogo, numvise bavuga ko imisozi yo mu ishyamba yose izwi n’Abatwa, akaba ali bo bayibwira abalitema. 19 – Uti: «Abatwa bamaze nk’imyaka ingahe mu Rwanda?» Ngira ngo uwabikubwira yaba akubeshye ! Abahanga muli ubwo Bumenyi bw’Imilyango bavuga ko bahamaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi ! Icyakora Abatwa b ‘Impunyu zacu, ngo ni barebare cyane, ntibahwanye n’Impunyu zo muhi Kongo. Bakeka ko ali ubwoko bundi bw’abantu barebare bageze ino kera cyane, bashakana n’Impunyu z’ukuli, babyarana izi zacu, aba ali zo zisigara. Ngo impunyu z’ahandi, indeshyo yazo iteye ubwoba! Na mwe murebe abantu basumbwa n’Irapunyu zacu! – Uti: « Aliko se ko tuzi igihe Abatwa badukiye mu Rwanda bazanye na Kigwa, none ukaba ubicishije inzira itali yo? Tuyobewe se cya gitekerezo cya Gatutsi, na Gahutu, na Gatwa? » – Ibyo si ibitekerezo : ni imigani! Abayihimbye, babitewe no kugerageza kudusobanulira aho ubusumbane bw’abantu bwaturutse. Si mu Rwanda gusa : no mu bindi bihugu bilimo Abatutsi n’Abahatu n’abatwa, uwo mugani urahali. Hakaba ubwo bawuca muli ayo magambo yacu, hakaba n’ubwo bawuca mu yabo, aliko ahimbye inzira imwe n’uwacu! Aho Abatwa batali kandi, bahimba ibisobanura ubusumbane bw’Abahutu n’Abatutsi bonyine. None se ni Kigwa wazanye n’Abatwa muli Kongo? Ajyana n’Abatwa bandi mu bindi bihugu ? N’ilyo manuka 1ya Kigwa wavuye mw’ijuru, nta munyabwenge mu Banyarwanda ukibitekereza. Byahimbwe n’abashakaga kutwemeza ko isi yose ali u Rwanda. Bagashaka ko iremwa ly’isi n’ibintu bindi byatangiliye kuli Kigwa, maze umwe mu buzukuruza be, ali we Gihanga, agahanga ibintu byose, akabyara imilyango yose ! Ibyo ni nde ukibyemera? – Nuko rero tureke iby’imigani: Abatwa b’Impunyu, nibo babanjije gutura mu Rwanda hakili ishyamba, nk’uko batuye mu mashyamba yandi ya Kongo atwegereye, nk’uko bagituye mu Rugano rwacu. Na bo rero Abatwa bo mu gihugu, ubanza ali Umulyango wali uturanye n’Impunyu, hanyuma babonye Abahutu badutse ino bahinga ishyamba, bahitamo guturana na bo, bikomereza umwuga wo kubumba inkono n’ibindi, bakabigura n’Abahutu. Abahutu. 22 – Abahutu ni bo bavuga bâdutse mu Rwanda hanyuma y’Abatwa, aba ali bo bakonda ishyamba.. Abahanga mu Bumenyi bw’Imilyango bavuga ko baje muliAfrika baturutse muli aziya. Bagumya kuza buhoro buhoro batyo ,baza bakonda ishyamba, balinda bagera ino. Ababaye kw’ishyamba bazi ko abakonzi b’ishyamba badahamya ingo hamwe. Batema ishyamba bagatwika., bagatera imyaka yabo, byamara kwera ubutaka buvuyemo ubworohe bw’urushyambashyamba, bakagira ubute bwo guhinga ahantu hakomeye hatyo: bakongera bagatema ishyamba aho bali baligeze. Na bwo ubutaka bakonze mbere, bakabusigira abatinya-shyamba bagumya kuza bubaka aho abakonda bimutse. No mu ntangiliro ni uko byagenze : aba bo mu Rwanda bakonda ishyamba, baba bigana ibyo abasekuruza babo bakoze mbere yacu. Ab’inkwakuzi bazaga bakonda, bakagumiliza gutsura ishyamba imbere yabo, kuko batali bishoboreye guhinga ahamaze gukomera hatyo. N’uko barinda bagera ino, uko bagatemuruye ishyamba, mu masekuruza atabalika. 23 – Abahutu babaga bahagurukiye gukonda ishyamba, umuntu akajyana n’abana be, n’abo bava ind’imwe na rubanda rundi rwa nyakamwe rutabona uko rwirwanaho. Uko kudatandukana kwabo kandi, babiterwaga no gushaka kwirengera, kuko uwabaga ali umwe, hadukaga abandi bamurusha amaboko bakamuhuguza ibye. Ni ko bigenda mu bihugu byose bidafite umutegeka umwe wo kwubahiliza ba nyakamwe: abantu barîbumba bakirwanaho, kugira ngo ubwinshi bwabo butume babatinyira amaboko. Babaga rero bageze ahantu bashimye indeka, ba-kahubaka, bagatema ishyamba, bagahinga. Bukeye babona hatangiye kugunduka, bakongera bakimuka, bakajya aho baruzi ko hazarushaho kurumbuka. Uko kandi bakondaga ishyamba, ni ko Abatwa b’Impunyu bigiranagayo na lyo kuko imigenzo yabo itareka batandukana na lyo. 24 – Se w’abakonze akarere kamwe k’ishyamba yabonaga rero ko agiye gupfa, agatanga umutwaremu bana be, kugira ngo ajye avugira umulyango we, cyangwa se ngo nihaba intambara abahuruze. N’uwo kandi akazabigenza atyo, uko musanzwe mubizi mu Rwanda. Uwo Mukuruw’Umulyango rero bakamwita Umwami. Ngira ngo muzi ko ilyo jambo ali kimwe nokwama, no kwamamara. Livuga umuntu w’ikirangirire,uzwi hose. Aliko rero kuli ubu twasanze bitwa. Abahinza, ali byo kuvuga Abami b’imyaka. Ilyo zina lyabo ly’Abahinza, liva ku ijarabo lyo guhinda, ibi by’inkuba.Ni nk’uko ijambo lyo kugenda livamo kugenza,nk’ibi by’umuntu ujyanwa no kwitegereza aho undi aherereye, kugira ngo bazamufate. Umuhinza rero, ni ukuvuga umuntu utera uburumbuke, kuko buturuka ku mvura. Numvise abandi bagira ngo izina ly’Umuhinza lituruka kw’ijambo lyo guhinga. Na byo biciye inzira imwe n’ibya mbere, kuko byerekeje ku burumbuke bw’imyaka. Aliko rero ijambo lirangizwa n’inyuguti ya « ga » ntilishobora kurangizwa n’iya « za » kuli bene buriya bulyo. Naho arangizwa n’inyuguti ya « da » yose ashobora kuyihinduràmo « za » kuriya. Dore nko kuganda, ibi byo kwanga kwumvira abagutegeka, livamo kuganza, ibi byo kunesha rwose : ugatsindira bwa bwigenge uganda aba ashaka. 25 – Maze kandi urebe ko ilyo jambo likomoka ku lyo guhinda kw’inkuba iyo imvura igiye kugwa, na n’ubu bazi ko umulimo w’ikubitiro w’Umwami ali uwo gutuma imvura igwa. Tuzi ko Umwami w’u Rwanda atsinda abandi akabavana ku ngoma, aliko rero akagumana imilimo yabo, akagumya kugilira igihugu cyabo akamaro bakigiliraga mbere. Ubundi iyo Umwami yimye imvura ikabura, ngo Rubanda usanga bafite amakenga, bakeka ko Abiru bimitse Umwami utali we. Ubu abatali babizi mbibabwire noneho: Umwami w’u Rwanda ni we Muvubyi Mukuru! Na kera kwose ni we Rubanda bategerezagaho akamaro kwo guca amapfa mu gihugu. Bavugaga ko igihugu kidafite Umwami kigomba guteramo amapfa. Ndetse hateraga inzara ugasanga bajujura hilya ngo: « Mbese uyu Mwami we arîbwira iki? Mbese yabuze abamubwira intsinzi yabyo? » 26 – Uretse kandi n’ibyo twumvise mu magambo y’Abatekereza, dufite igisigo cyo ku ngoma ya Gahindiro cyitwa Urugumye urukanga Umwami. Ubwo Gahindiro yimye hateye amapfa akomeye cyane, akulikirwa n’inzara y’icyorezo yitwa Rukungugu; ubwo Yuhi IV Gahindiro yali akili umwana ukambakamba, igihugu gitegekwa nyina. Kuko rero yali yarwaniye ingoma, ibyo ntibyajyaga kubura amakenga ya Rubanda, y’uko Umwami yali uwo batsinze ! Aliko rero amaherezo imvura irahanguka. Umusizi rero witwaga Musare atura icyo Gisigo cyo gukura ubwatsi, kuko Umwami abahaye imvura. Akakivugamo ati: Nta “wundi wakadukuliye imvura kure Atali uwarazwe ingomà n’inganji!… Ulya munsi weretse Rubanda ubwami warazwe Mwami ubuze ubwanza, gica urayamuruye mu Rwanda! Icyokere kibi kitwokeje umubili ukagihoza Muhoza wa twese ishimwe nzaliguhaya ! Gaca-bworo, imvura wayiraliye rubunda, Kirabya bayicira imoko kw’ijuru; Bawuziba amabere umuvumbi Kivomo cya Gahenda ukawuzibura ! Uyigilira ubwira n’umwete uyifitiye. Mutwe utwambaliye ishyira, Iyo inkuba yatawe urayihabuye ! Bwenge urusha abandi. lmvura wayikulikiye ubutayisiga Uti: « Nimuhumure Rubanda, Mbahaye uw’ejo ngacyura imvura Cyilima akadukanda uwo muruho. » Weho mu kuguha yagukuliye inyuma, Rugira rw’i Ruganda rw a Ruganu ntiyagusangiza! Mu kuguha ingoma igukiza ibigereke Ikugira Umwami wenyine, Irakwita izina Bwami ntilyakuka! » 27 – Ayo ni amabango amwe avuye muli icyo gisigo, abereka ko Umwarni ali we Muvubyi abandi bagenderaho. Urebe n’uko iyo mvura, ku bwabo yerekanye ko Immana yali yatoreye Gahindiro kuba Umwami. Ilyo zina rero ly’ubuhinza nta washidikanya ko liva ind’imwe n’ilyo guhinda kw’inkuba. Kandi reka lituruke ku burumbuke, nta mugayo: Abami balibanje batorewe gukonda ishyamba. Kandi kubitekereza ntya, ni Musenyeri Claire, wahoze ali mukuru wa Nyakibanda wampaye iyo nzira, ambwira ko ilyo guhinda, mu gishi, livugwamo kumanura imvura. 28 – Umwami wacu rero n’ubwo atitwa Umuhinza aliko afite imilimo y’ilyo zina. Ily’Umwami na lyo muli ibi bihugu bya ruguru byo mu Buganda livuga Utegeka wese, nk’uko mu kinyarwanda tuvuga Umutware.Ikindi cyatwereka isano y’abantu: mu bihugu by’Abahutu byo mu Busukuma hilya y’i Karagwen’u Bujinja, Umwami yitwa Umutemi; ukabona ko byenda gusa n’ijambo lyacu ly’Umutemyi. Kandi muli ayo mahugu, ni Abahinza koko, nk’uko byahoze kera ino. Dore nko muli Vikariyati ya Mwanza yonyine, hali Abatemi bageze ku 100, mu gihugu kiruta u Rwanda incuro 5 gusa ! Kuva mu Misiyoni ya Mwanza ujya mu ya Bukumbi, hali urugendo rwa kilometro 25 gusa; aliko rero ujya muli urwo rugendo urenga ibihugu by’Abami 5! Umva na we! 29 – Ngibyo iby’Abahinza. Uko nabikêtse aliko, ngira ngo kera ibihugu bimwe bya mu Rwanda ntibyasangiraga indimi binoze ‘nk’ubu. Ubanza abategekaga bimwe bârîtwaga Abami mu ndimi zabo, nk’uko bimeze ubu mu Buganda no mu Bunyoro, no mu bindi bihugu bya ruguru byinshi; abandi bakitwa Abatware; abandi bakitwa Abahinza. Ukaba rero uruzi ko Abanyiginya baba baratangiliye mu gihugu cyavugaga Abamiuwabo akitwa atyo. Hanyuma rero uko bagumya gutsinda; abaneshejwe bakalimurekera wenyine. Naho rero abatsinzwe nyuma begamiye inkiga, yasanga bitwa Abahinza bakaligumana. 30 – Uko rero mwabibonye, ntitwavuze ko Abahinza, bali abavubyi gusa, hato mutazakulikiza ijambo lyo guhinda, ngo mubijyane muli iyo nzira yonyine. Izina lyabo lituruka ku guhinda kw’inkuba, ligasobanura kugusha imvura: aliko rero icy’ikubitiro ni ubururnbuke. Uretse abavubyi, abandi bali Abavumyi bavumaga ibyonona imyaka (nk’inzige, n’inyoni, n’ibindi.) Abahinza bo mu nkiga zerekeye i Cyingogo, ahanini bali Abavumyi. Abo Bami aliko barayobokanaga : uw’umuvubyi agatanga ikoro ly’umuvumyi; umuvumyi na we agatanga isororory’ umuvubyi : kugira ngo umwe arangilize undi umwuga atajyaga kwishoboza ubwe. 31 – Uduhugu tw’abo Bami twagiraga amazina yatwo. Ammwe kenshi yaturukaga kw’izina ly’Umulyango utuye icyo gihugu. Ilyo zina ly’Umulyango na lyo kandi lyaturukaga kw’izina ly’umusekuruza w’uwo Mulyango. Uwo Mulyango waba ukomoka nko kuli Mutoyi, bakitwa Abatoyi, igihugu cyabo kikitwa u-Butoyi. Aliko rero bene ayo mazina akomoka kw’izina ly’Umulyango, nta bwo yahamaho iteka, ibyo na mwe murabiruzi. Haba ubwo abahatuye barushwa amaboko, igihugu cyabo kikigaru1irwa n’undi Mulyango : noneho igihugu kikenda izina lya wa Mulyango mushya, ilya mbere likazimirana na bene lyo. 32 – Haliho kandi ubundi bulyo tutashoboye kumenya bwazanye amazina y’ibihugu bimwe. Dore nk’u Bwanacyambwe, bavuga ko ilyo zina lyafashe igihugu cyose livuye ku gasozi kanziginya k’akarutu kitwa Nyirabwanacyambwe, kali hagati ya Kibagabaga na Kimironko, mu nyarurembo y’Umutware wa Provinsi iyo. Bakavuga ko u Bugesera, bwavanye ilyo zina ku kandi karutu kitwa Nyirubugesera, kali ku gasozi ka Kanzenze. Mu Marangara kandi hali akadunduguru kitwa Nyiramarangara, ku musozi wa Gitongati, bavuga ko izina lya Marangara aliho lyaherereye. Mu Cyingogo hali akandi gasozi nk’utwo k’i Mushyiga kitwa Nyiracyingogo, bakavuga ko ali ko kavuyeho izina lya Cyingogo. Numvise bavuga ko no mu Budaha hali Nyirabudaha, no mu Bugamba (ubu ni Provinsi ya Cyingogo) hali Nyirabugamba; aliko aho hombi ha nyuma sinahageze, cyangwa ngo mbone umuntu uhandangira neza. Wenda no mu bindi bihugu byo mu Rwanda hali bene utwo dusozi. Aliko se izina lyatwo lyaba lyarafashe igihugu cyose lite? Sinabimenye ! Ahali wenda haba ali ho uwakonze ishyamba lyaho aba yarabanje gututa, maze uko litamurutse hakitwa izina ly’ibanze. Aliko na byo nta wamenya impamvu yaba yaratumye iteka biba udusozi tunzinya, tw’uturutu! 33 – Ukuyeho ayo mazina kandi tumaze kuvuga, hahozeho andi mazina yazimiye, akaba acyibukwa mu bitekerezo gusa. Ku Ndiza hahoze hitwa u Bunyatwa; akarere ko hagati ya Muhanga na Sholi na Gitima na Mpushi, (Provinsi Marangara, Nduga, Rukoma), hahoze hitwa u Busekera; mu Gishubi, no mu bya Musambira na Rugobagoba (Provinsi Rukoma na Nduga) hahoze hitwa u Bunyagitunda, hagatura Umulyango witwaga Abagôbe wali utuye no mu Bunyatwa (ali bwo Ndiza-Burembo.) Ku Ruyenzi (Provinsi Rukoma), hahoze hitwa u Bushegeshi. Ku Mayaga ya ruguru, kimwe n’i Nduga ya za Kibanda, hahoze hitwa u Bunyakisho. Ku Mayaga y’epfo, no mu Buhanga hahoze hitwa u Buhwaga. Provinsi ya Bumbogo yahoze yitwa u Busarasi. Mbese rwose ahantu hasigaye hitwa amazina yaho ya kera, ni mu Nduga, n’uko amazina yaho yavuyeku duhugu agasigara ku misozi gusa. Bulya Musenyi, na Mukingo, na Rwesero ho muli za Provinsi Marangara, Nduga na Busanza-Nord, yahoze ali amazina y’uduhugu, nka bene ibyo tuvuze by’Abahinza ba kera. Ukubitireho na Nkobwa na Kabagali na Gisibili (ubu ni Provinsi ya Kabagali). 34 – Ngibyo ibihugu bacyibuka by’Abahinza ba kera. Abo Bahinza bagiraga ingoma, kuko ingoma ali yo kimenyetso cy’Ubwami mu bihugu by’Abirabura ba Afrika iyi yacu. Imitegekere ya bo ni yo yateguliye Abatutsi: ntimwibagirwe ko Abahutu ali bo baremye u Rwanda mw’ikonda ly’ishyamba lyali lirutwikihiye. Icyakora nta wakubwira imyaka Abahutu bamaze mu Rwanda : ntimwibagirwe ko bakagatiye Afrika yose yo hagati. Nabonye igitabo cyanditsemo ibitekerezo bya Nkore n’u Buganda n’u Bunyoro, kandi cyanditswe n’umuntu uzi iby’Ubumenyi bw’Imilyango, kivuga kiti : « Abahanga bazi kugereranya igihe amashyamba yacikiye bakeka ko ibyo bihugu bimaze nibura imyakaa 5.000 bigezemo abantu ». Murora se n’ubwo atavugaga iby’ino, abantu baba barageze muli ibyo bihugu, bagatinya kugera mu Rwanda, kandi byegeranye ? Hahi n’aho wenda ndetse baba barabigezemo baturutse ino. Na Padri Shanwani, muli cya gitabo yanditse cy’U’ Rwanda rwa kera’n’urwa vuba, yagize ati : « Urebye ukuntu Abahutu basakaye muli Afrika yo hagati, n’ukuntu bahagwiliye cyane, wasanga bahamaze imyaka ibihumbi byinshi ». Nta bwo twabona interuro yo gushwaga umubare w’ibyo bihumbi ujya gucishiliza agira nibura ishingiro lyabyo. 35 – Abahutu bacyaduka ino) bavugaga urulimi rumwe ; alike rero uko amasekuruza ahita andi agataha, bakagenda baruhindura. Nk’ikintu babonye bwa mbere batali basanzwe bazi, bakagihimbira izina lishya. Andi magambo bakagenda bayenda mu rulimi rw’Abatwa basanze mu mashyamba bakondagà. Nk’amazina y’imisozi, n’imigezi, n’ay’inyamaswa batali bazi, n’amagambo yerekeye umuhigo : umuntu arora bagiye babyenda mu Batwa basanzwe mu mashyamba yo muli ako karere. Nk’uko uwagera mu Rwanda ubu, yamenya amagambo atajyaga kuzabona ahandi : nk’imihamilizo, intore, amasunzu, imitamilizo, ibyansi, uruhimbi, n’ibindi byerekeye inka n’Abatutsi. Nk’ibyo se uwakwaduka muli Kongo yabibwirwa n’iki ko bitahaba? Ahubwo yahasanga andi magambo tutazi, kuko icyatumye bayahimba kitaba ino mu Rwanda. Izo ni impamvu zimwe zatumye indimi z’Abirabura zihinduka, tukaba tutumvana. Aliko rero mu magambo yikubitiro bali bazi bose bwa mbere na mbere bataratandukana, muli Afrika y’Abirabura hose usanga yose bayazi. Nk’umuntu, umutima, umubili, ijuru, umuzimu, umupfumu, ingoma, amazi, umwami, imvura ; n’ibindi nk’ibyo. Na none si, ukuvuga ko bene ayo magambo hose yakomeje kuvugwa nko mu kinyarwanda : bamwe bayavuga ku bulyo bwabo, aliko amaherezo ugasanga bicishihje. Nko mu Giswayile bavuga: maji, mvua, mwili , mtu, si nko mu kinyarwanda rwose, aliko rero ukaba uruzi ko ali ijambo limwe n’ayacu.

Inganji Karinga: Igice Cya II

Umwaduko w’abatutsi ba mbere Ingoma zitali nyigiginya Ubulyo ingoma – ntutsi zigaruliye ibihugu. 1-Kenshi usanga abantu bamwe mu Rwanda bakeka ko Abanyiginya ali bo Batutsi badutse mu Rwanda bwa mbere na mbere. Ntibabaye aba mbere, ntibabaye n’aba kabili, n’aba gatatu ndetse: babaye aba kenshi cyane. Mbere ya ohadutse amoko yandi y’Abatutsi, arema ibihugu bikomeye arîtsindanira ubwayo, aba imilyango ikomeye. Aho Abanyiginya badukiye barwana n’iyo Milyango, bagumya kuyitsinda buhoro buhoro, bigeza ubu. Tubanje rero gutekereza ibyo ngibyo mu magambo make, uko bakibyibuka. No kubimenya ahanini twabikesheje ko ibyo bihugu byagiye birwana n’Abanyiginya, maze abatekereza b’i Bwami bakagira udutekerezo twabyo bagumya kuvuga na n’ubu. 2 – Kugerageza gutekereza bene ibyo bintu bya kera, na byo halimo igice gikulikiza ibya bwa Bumenyi bw’Imilyango twavuze mbere. Batekereza uko ibyo bihugu bya kera byali bimeze, aliko ntibakubwira Umulyango wabanje kugéra ino mbere n’uwawukulikiye. Ahubwo iyo bamaze kukubwira akarere Umulyango wategekaga ko mu Rwanda rw’ubu, ugerageza gufindura ababa baraje ino mbere; ibyo na byo kandi, tubihabwa no kugereranya ku byo tuzi bya vuba. Uru Rwanda rugitangira rwaturutse hakulya ya Nyabarongo, kuko rwatangiliye mu Buriza no mu Bwanacyambwe no mu Buganza bwo hino. Rumaze kwambuka Nyabarongo rugeze mu Nduga, ingoma zo mu Gisaka no mu Ndorwa zitunyaga ibihugu byinshi byo mu Buganza no mu Buriza no mu Bwanacyambwe. Ibyo tuzabibona mu bitekerezo twigiye hilya. Uko kandi ibyo bihugu byalyagau Rwanda isataburenge, biruvunguraho u-duhugu buhoro buhoro, ni ko na rwo rwagumyaga gutsura ibihugu byo mu Nduga, no mu nkiga zegamiye i Kivu n’Ibirunga. Aho rero rumaliye kugwiza amaboko, rwibuka kwiganzura: rusubiza imirwano hakulya ya Nyabarongo, rurwana n’i Gisaka n’i Ndorwa bimara ingoma nyinshi, rushirwa ruhatsinze. 3 – N’uko rero iyo ingoma y’u Rwanda ikomeza imico ya bene ibyo bihugu, wenda nta bwo ruba rwarashoboye kubisubirana inyuma. Ibyo bihugu biba byarakomeje kuruvungura buhoro buhoro, na rwo uko rutewe ruturukwa mu burasirazuba, rukagumya kwihinda rwerekeza mu burengera-zuba, cyangwa rwerekeza mu majy’epfo. Amaherezo rero ukazasanga aho rwahoze harashinze ibindi bihugu. Wenda na byo byagira izindi ngoma zibirusha amaboko, zikagumya kubitsura kwakundi, na byo bikazîmukira ibindi. Mbese rwose imigenzereze y’u Rwanda, mu mirwanire yarwo rugarura ibihugu, twakwibwira ko ali ukwigana ibyo rwasanze bakora kera mbere rutaraba igihugu gikomeye ; cyangwa se no kwiganzura ibyo rwahoze rugirwa mbere. Uko Umwami yimye, urungano rwe rukagira ishyaka lyo kugenza uko ba se bagenzaga, maze amasekuruza yose akagenda asigira ayandi uwo murage w’imirwano. Mwibuke ko igihugu cyatsindwaga kimaze ingoma nyinshi mu ntambara, kigatsindwa n’urugerero rumaze ingoma nyinshi kuli iyo nkiko. Uwo ni wa murage w’intambara baba bakiliho wa ba se. 4 – Ubwo rero Abatutsi bose baje baturuka mu by’i Ndorwa no mu Nkore, iteka kandi bagahora barangamiye /amajy’epro y’u Rwanda berekeza mu by’i Burundi, umulyango twavuga ko wabanje kugera ino ni uwaheraga indi mu majy’epfo. Kuko Umulyango ujya kwigarulira ibihugu ku muheto utakonkobokana ingabo zawo, ngo ucikanye ibihugu biremye, bawureba, ngo urinde kujya kwiremera igihugu inyuma yabyo. Baca umugani ngo: « Ijya kurisha ihera ku rugo.» Umulyango na wo ujya kwiremera igihugu, uhera i wabo haworoheye, ukazaba usâkâra hose aliko warabanje kugira intangiliro. Mbese uko dukeka ko iyo Milyango yakulikiranye, twabigereranya n’umuntu uhilika amabuye manini ayerekeza mu kabande kamwe: ilyabanje guhilikwa ni lyo lihagarara hepfo cyane; ilyakulikiyeho likaza kugarurwa n’andi hafi y’aho uwayahilitse ahagaze. 5 – Imilyango bavuga y’Abatutsi yali ifite ibihugu mu Rwanda rw’ubu, ni iyi ngiyi: Abenengwe, Abasinga, Ababanda, Abongera, Abazigaba, n’Abahinda. Abagara bavuga ko na ho bali Abatutsi. Abenengwe. 6- Abenengwe ni bo dukeka ko batanze abandi Batutsi kugera mu bihugu by’ino, kuko ali bo bali epfo cyane. Igihugu cyabo cyose kili muli Teritwari ya Astrida. Ubu kilimo Proyinsi zacu 5: Busanza- Sud, Bufundu, Nyaruguru, Nyakare-Bashumba na Kayenzi. Nyamara si ukuvuga ko wenda batali bafite ibihugu bindi bitali muli izo Provinsi : ni ukuvuga gusa iremezo ly’ibihugu byabo. Nta wagerageza kugushingira neza imipaka y’igihugu cyabo. Wenda ndetse no muli izo Provinsi twavuze, haba halimo uduhugu batahoranye twometsweho mu igabanya ly’ibihugu aho bigaruliwe, nk’uko n’ubu Provinsi zimwe zagiye zomekwaho imisozi zitahoranye kera. 7 – Igihugu cy’Abenengwe cyitwaga u Bungwe. Ubu nta hantu hakilyitwa ngo halyihalire ; aliko rero abo muli ibyo bihugu baracyavuga ko ako karere ko mu Bisi bya Huye hîtwa u Bungwe. Kuvuga ngo Abenengwe, ni inzu y’Abami babo, nk’uko abacu ubu tubita Abanyiginya. Kandi rero numvise bavuga ko ikiranga-bwoko cyabo cyali ingwe. Ingoma yabo y’Ingabe, nk’uko Karinga imeze mu Rwanda, yitwaga Nyamibande. Aliko aho batsindiwe, Nyamibande yafashwe mpili, i Bwami barayizana, iguma aho, na n’ubu. Aliko hanyuma yaraliboye (ali byo gusaduka kw’ingoma) bayitera imikwege, ibyo bituma bayita Rwuma. Mwaba mwarayumvise yitwa ilyo zina. Ilyayo ly’ukuli ni Nyamibande. 8 – Mu Bami b’Abanengwe, uwo bibuka wali ku ngoma ku mwaduko w’Abanyiginya yali Rwamba wali wubatse mu bya Nyakizu ho muli Provinsi ya Bashumba. Hahozeho Abenerwamba bavuga ko bamukomokagaho. Undi ni uwo hino, igihugu cyabo kigiye gutsindwa, witwaga Samukende, umugabo wa Nyagakecuru. N’umuhungu we Rubuga watsinzwe, igihugu cye kikagarurwa n’u Rwanda. Abo Benengwe bavuga ko bagiraga isano n’Abanyakarama bo mu Burundi. Icyo gihe cy’Abenengwe ngo ni abo Banyakarama bali bimye mu Burundi bwegereye u Rwanda. Abasinga. 9 -Abasinga ni bo twavuga ko baje bakulikiye Abenengwe, kuko ali bo bali bafite ibihugu byasaga n’ibitsura Abenengwe. Abasinga bali ugutatu : abo tuvuga aba, ni Abasinga bitwa Abasangwabutaka; ilyo zina balikuye ku mpamvu y’uko Abanyiginya basanze bategeka. Haliho Abasinga bandi baje mu Rwanda nyuma, bitwa Abanukamishyo, kuko bazanye n’Umutware wabo witwaga Runukamishyo rwa Muhiga wa Nyamurorwa, umupfumu wali i Ndorwa y’u Butumbi. Igitekerezo cyabo kizaza ku ngoma ya Mibambwe I Mutabazi, kuko ali bwo bavuga ko badutse mu Rwanda. Abasinga ba gatatu, bitwa Abagahe, ni Abasinga b’imilyango myinshi kuva mu Bugahe bw’i Ndorwa hanyuma y’Abanukamisho. Abo tuvuga rero bagiraga ingoma, ni aba mbere b’Abasangwa-butaka, ali na ho bita Ababyara-bami kuko bigeze kubonekarno Abagabekazi mu itangira ly’Ingoma Nyiginya. Naho rero abandi badutse mu Rwanda izina ly’Abasinga lyararangije gucibwa ku ngoma. 10 – Ilyo zina rero ly’Abasinga, lyenda kwemeza ibyo twavuze by’imyadukire ya bene abo Batutsi. Numvise abazi Uruhima bavuga ko ilyo zina lisobanura ngo Abatsinzi; ngira ngo abenshi kandi muzi ko igitero cy’Abahima ku nkiko yacu ya ruguru cyitwa Umusingo. Abasinga bigeze gutegeka igice kinini cyane cy’uru Rwanda tulimo. Umwe mu Bami babo ba mbere w’igihangange yitwaga Rurenge. Ni we bakuyeho lya zina lyo kwitwa Abarenge. Abare-nge yali inzu ivamo Abami babo, nk’uko ubu tuvuga Abahindiro ; si umulyango wabo wose witwaga utyo. Igihe cy’umwaduko w’Abanyiginya, Umwami wabo yali Jeni lya Rurenge, wali utuye ku Rwerere rw’i Bugoyi. Ingoma yabo y’Ingabe yitwaga Mpats’ibihugu. Aliko Rurenge uyu se wa Jeni, nta bwo ali we bali barîtiliwe. Kwali ugusubira ku izina uko bisanzwe mu Bami; kuko kera mbere ya jeni, Ababanda tugiye kubona bali barateye igihugu cyabo cy’i Nduga bakacyicamo Kimezamilyango cya Rurenge rundi rwa kera. Byongeye kandi no mu nzu ya Nyaruzi bali Abarenge, kandi bafite agahugu kabo katagiraga amahuliro no kwa jeni. Rurenge rero rwabyaye Jeni., kwali ukwitiranwa na Rurenge rwabanje. 11 – Ibihugu by’Abasinga biheruka, byateruliraga kuli Provinsi ya Mvejuru na Uhanga-Ndara z’ubu bikazana i Nduga yose ; mu burasira-zuba bwayo bikagarurwa na Nyabarongo na Mukungwa bigasesera mu Bugoyi no mu bihugu by’inyuma y’ibirunga byerekeza i GishaIi. Bigahera no mu Bunyambilili, bikagarurwa n’i Kivu. Aliko rero hanyuma Ababanda badutse babicamo kabili: benda ibihugu byo mu Nduga. Ibihugu rero byo mu nkiga z’i Budaha n’u Bugamba, n’ibindi by’inyuma y’ishyamba byose, bigumanwa n’Umwami w’Abasinga wali ufite Ingabe yabo. Igice rero gisigaye hepfo ya Nduga, ali cyo cyitwa u Burwi, gisigaramo inzu ya Nyaruzi yagitwaraga y’Abarenge. Basigara ali nk’Abami bacyo, aliko bacyima gihinza gusa: nta ngoma y’ingabe bagiraga. Bemeraga “iyabo Mpats’ibihugu, aliko ntibagire amahuliro na yo, kuko bali baratandukanyijwe n’ibihugu by’Umwami wabo w’ukuli. 12 – Igihe rero Abanyiginya badutse muli ibi bihugu, Umwami w’Abasinga yali atuye ku Rwerere rw’i Bugoyi. Ibihugu bavuga byamwemeragaho Umwami, bisigayemo Provinsi zacu 10: Bunyambilili, Nyantango, Budaha, Cyingogo, Bushiru, Buhoma-Rwankeli, Bugoyi, Kanage, Bwishaza, na Rusenyi. Za Provinsi zindi zo mu Kinyaga Cyesha, Mpara, Biru na Busozo-Bukunzi, zalimo Umwami wundi wambukaga na Rusizi agafata mu Bunyabungo ; aliko rero nta we uzi niba uwo Mwami yarayobokaga Jeni Umwami w’Abasinga. Ibindi bihugu by’Abasinga byahoze ali u Rwanda, none byashyizwe kuli Kongo y’Ababiligi Bwishya, Jomba, Gisigali , Bwito, Gishali, Byahi, na Kamuronsi, n’ibindi byo muli ayo mahugu. Ikindi gihugu cyabo twavuze, cyali cyaratanijwe n’Ababanda, ni u Burwi. Aho cyali kili, ubu hasigaye Provinsi zacu 2: Mvejuru na Buhanga-Ndara. Aliko rero ibyo si ukuvuga ko imipaka yazo zombi ihwanye n’uko icyo gihugu cyali kimeze ; ni ukuvuga gusa ko izo Provinsi zili mu karere kacyo, zikacyendaho nibura uruhande runini ; wenda cyarazirengaga, wenda se ziyometseho udusozi twali inyuma y’imipaka yacyo. Ababanda. 13 -Ababanda ni bo baje nyuma y’Abasinga. Ibyo byo si ugukeka: batekereza ko batungutse muli iki gihugu harateye amapfa, baturutse mu bya Bwanacyambwe. Umunsi bambuka Nyabarongo bageze mu Nduga, imvura iragwa. Rubanda rero barashika bati: «Izanywe na bagenzi baraye hano! » Umutware wabo na we arabyemera, ati: « Ni koko, ni jye ubahaye imvura! » Bamuzaniye amasororo arayanga, ati: « Reka nta bwo nakunda, keretse munzaniye Kimezamilyango cya Rurenge: ni we wabiciye imvura. Nimutamunzanira amapfa aragumya acane nka mbere». Abanyanduga batera Kimezamilyango, apfana n’abe bose. Wa mutware w’Ababanda yiha icyo gihugu atyo: arimbura Abasinga bakomeye bali mu Nduga hose, kugira ngo batazamwiganzura. Uwo waremye Ingoma-Mbanda aliko ntibamuzi izina. Mu bamuzunguye, tumenya batutu: Sabugabo, n’umuhungu we Nkuba, n’umwuzukuru we Mashira. Bali Abami barambye mu Nduga, nta bwo bali ingurukilizi z’ibyaduka bya vuba. 14 – Ababanda, ingoma yabo y’ingabe yitwaga Nyabahinda. Aho baturutse rwose nta we uhazi; na none bavuye mu by’i Ndorwa nk’abandi; aliko rero nta wakubwira ko mbere yo kugera mu Nduga, bali bafite igihugu bategekaga. Imyadukire yabo kandi nta bwo ali imyadukire yabaje barwana. Ndora ubanza baba baraje bibungereranira inka zabo, cyangwa se bisuhukira, bakagira amahirwe yo kuzana n’imvura, bakagira n’ubwenge bwo kubyitwaza, bavuga ko igihugu kigiye kuzira Abategeka Immana itagihaye. lbyo birasanzwe: iyo amapfa yateye, bene abo bantu bakunda kwishyiraho. N’i Gisaka kijya gutsindwa hateye amapfa nk’uko, Umurundi Rugeyo aza yiyita mwene Kimenyi, Abanyagisaka baramwemera bavanaho uwali ufashe ingoma ya se. Uwo Murundi ni we wadobeje ibyabo, aracyima. Apfa bucike; aliko asiga agiteye amagomerane, kiritsinda. Igihugu cy’Ababanda ubu kilimo Provinsi 7: Nduga, Busanza-Nord, Kabagali, Marangara, Mayaga, Rukoma na Ndiza,(ali yo Burembo). Abongera 15 – Abongera batwaraga ibi bihugu byo hakulya ya Nyabarongo, ibyo mu Bwanacyambwe n’u Buriza. Nta we uzi uko icyo gihugu cyitwaga. N’iMipaka yacyo nta we uyizi. Provinsi z’ubu zikilimo bidashidikanywa, ni BuMbogo na Bwanacyambwe, na Buriza na Rukiga mu ruhande rwayo rwitwa u Busigi. Bagakeka ko cyendaga no kuli za Provinsi za Buganza-Nord, Buganza- Sud na Rukalyi. Ingoma yabo y’Ingabe yitwaga Kamuhagama.Nta kindi namenye kiberekeye. 5.Abazigaba. 16 – Abazigaba bali mu mahugu ya ruguru ya Muhazi, bakerekeza mu Mutara. Ni bo batwaraga mu Rweya igihe Abanyiginya badutse mu by’ino. Nta wamenya neza aho ibihugu byabo byahêraga n’aho byagarukiraga, haba no gucishiliza, Ingoma yabo yIngabe yitwaga Sera. Nta kindi cyabo tuzi cyabaye mbere y’Abanyiginya. Abahinda 17 – Bavuga ko Abahinda bali ukubili: ilyo zina lituruka ku Mwami wabo wa mbere witwaga Ruhinda. Aliko Abanyarwanda bavuqa ko habanje Ruhinda rwaremye ingoma-mpinda; mbere y’Abanyiginya. Uwo Ruhinda ngo arema igihugu kimwe kinini cyakomatanyaga i Ndorwa, n’u BunyaMbo, n’i Gisaka, n’a Karagwe, n’u Bujinja. Ubwoko bwe yali Umugesera nk’Abahinda bose bo muli ibyo bihugu tuvuze. Naho rero Ruhind rwaremye Ingoma y’i Nkore ngo ni uwa vuba cyane, nta bwo ali we witilirwa iyo milyango y’Abahinda. Ntimwibagirwe ko aba Bagesera b’Abazira-nkende bo mu Gisaka na bo ali Abahinda. 18- Nuko rero, ubanza tutakwitiranya abo ba Ruhinda. Uko ndora kandi, ubanza koko ababivuga baba batabeshya: amazina y’Abami agenda ahererekanwa; n’ayo ya ba Ruhinda byaba byarabaye bityo koko. Maze kandi haliho n’ikindi cyemeza: narebye amazina y’i Nkole nsanga ari make cyane. Byongeye kandi nta bwo Abanyagisaka bavuga ko igihugu cyabo cyaremwe n’Abanyankore, aliko bakamenya ko ali Abahinda. Ibihugu by’Abahinda bili mu Rwanda, bisigayemo Provinsi 2: Gihunya (Mirenge) na Migongo, zaremwe mu Gisaka aho gitsindiwe. Byo si ugushidikanya: niko bimeze turabizi neza kuko gitsinzwe vuba aha. Ingabe yabo yali Rukurura. Na Provinsi ya Mubali, ali yo twitaga Mazinga, cyahoze ali igihugu ukwacyo. Abagara. 19 – Abagara bavuga ko bali Abatutsi, kandi ibyo babatekerezaho byenda kwemeza ko bali bo ; aliko rero ubwoko bwabo ngo bwali Abakwa. Maze ubwo bwoko bukaba ubuholyo. Keretse rero niba, bali Abatutsi b’ubwoko bubi, nk’uko ubu habaho Abatutsi n’Abahutu n’Abatwa basangira ubwoko, bwaba bubi, bwaba bwiza. Abo Bagara, ni bamwe bo kwa Nzira ya Muramira: babitira Abagara, kuko batwaraga u Bugara. Ingoma yabo y’Ingabe yitwa Rugara. Igihugu batwaraga cyitwaga u Bugara cyali mu mahugu akikije ingezi ya Burera n’iya Ruhondo, muli Territwari ya Ruhengeri. Bavuga ko babumbaga ibihugu byose byo hagati ya Mukungwa na Base, kigaterurana n’a-Gahunga k’i Murera, bikarenguka mu Ndorwa y’u Bushengero, no mu Bufumbira. Ahanini ho mu Bugara twahajyanywe n’Abongereza. 20 – Provinsi ya Buberuka, yali mu gihugu kindi cyali gifite Umwami wacyo, kigasesa mu Ndorwa hilya; aliko rero ntitwamenye ubwoko bwe. Tuzi izina ly’uwanyuma witwaga Mweru. Ngabo Abami bategekaga mu Rwanda rw’ubu rutaraba u Rwanda, mbere y’umwaduko w’Abanyiginya. Aliko se, bali Abatutsi koko? 21 -Twavuze ko bali Abatutsi, aliko rero nzi ko haliho benshi bibwira ko Abatutsi ba mbere bakomotse kuli Gihanga; ibyo nta Munyarwanda utabyumvise muli ya migani y’igitekerezo cy’Ibimanuka. Na njye kandi murabireba, sinabyemejwe no kugira ngo nali mpali: nabyemejwe n’uko nabyumvise Mu bihugu bitagira ubwenge bwo kwandika nk’iki cyacu, ibyo bavuga bya kera ubyemezwa n’uko babikubwiye. Ikintu bakubwiye ukabona nta mpamvu ikubuza kubyemera, urabyemera; Waba ubonye impamvu ikwereka ko ali amanjwe y’ibihimbano, ukabirangarana. Aliko rero singira ngo ikintu bavuze cyose iyo ubonye gishobora kuba cyarabayeho uhera ko ucyemera. Na bene ibyo iyo ubyumvise, uribwira uti: « Wenda cyaba cyarabayeho koko, ubwo nta mahomvu kivanzemo. Aliko rero, reka ndebe niba haliho ibindi bintu byashobora kunyemeza ko atali ibihimbano. » Bya bintu rero wabibona, bikaba nk’abagabo bahamya ko ibyo wabwiwe byahozeho koko. 22 – lyo Milyango bavuga ya kera, na yo bayivugaho ibintu byashobora kutwemeza ko yali Abatutsi, uko babitekereza. Dore nka Nyirarukangaga nyina wa Gihanga, yali umukobwa wa Nyamigezi ya Kabeja, Umwami w’Abazigaba bo mu Mubali. Gihanga ubwe arongora Nyangobero, umukobwa wa Rwamba, Umwami w’u Bungwe w’Umwenengwe. Arongora na Nyirangabo, umukobwa wa Ngabo, wo mu Kinyaga, arongora Nyamususa wa Jeni lya Rurenge, aba ali na we abyaraho Abami. Abami b’u Rwanda ba mbere bakulikira Gihanga balimo 7 babyawe n’Abasingakazi. 23 – Mibambwe I Mutabazi yashyingiye Mashira, Umwami w’i Nduga w’Umubanda; Gahindiro ka Mibambwe I yahihibikaniye kurongora Bwiza bwa Mashira wali warasabwe na Rugayi rwa Buzi, ashirwa amubonye. Mibambwe I yatsinze i Nduga byaramumugoye, yongeye kumugomera iramunanira: bakavuga ko byaterwaga n’uko ali igihugu cyali cyuzuyemo Abatutsi. Igihugu balimo baratsindwa aliko ntibayobokere limwe nk’Abahutu. Benginzage, (ahwe twahimbye ilya Nyagakecuru,) muka Samukende, Umwami w’Abenengwe, yavaga ind’imwe na Nyankaka muka Yuhi II Gahima ; bali abakobwa b’Umwega witwaga Mugunguru. Uwo Nyankaka yabaye nyina wa Binama bya Yuhi II: aliko rero Yuhi II si we se wa Bimana koko. Yabaye uwe kuko yarongoye nyina, naho ubundi yabyawe na Samukende, ali Yuhi II woherejeyo Nyankaka by’imitsindo: ali uko abapfumu bamubwiye ko u Bungwe buzatsindwa n’Umunyiginya uzavuka mu Benengwe. Nyankaka ajyayo byitwa ko agiye gusura mukuru we: agezeyo acyurwa na Samukende, amaze gusama inda ya Binama aza kuyibyalira kwa Yuhi II. Nyabacuzi, nyina wa Ruganzu II Ndoli, yali umwisengenza w’umugore wa Nyaruzi rwa Haramanga, wa Murenge watwaraga u Burwi. 24 – Ngaho rero: ubwo Abanyiginya badutse, ko bali kumwe n’abatutsi babo, (ibya ya migani ya Kigwa tugiye gusobanura ko ali imigani koko) ni iki cyatuma bashaka Abahutukazi? Ko Abami ba mbere 7 bikulikiranyije bavuka ku Basingakazi, ni nde washaka abagore atyo yikulikiranya, akaba acyibyaramo Abatutsi. Byongeye se kandi, igihe cya Ruganzu I Bwimba, ko Abega baliho tubizi, ni iki cyatuma nyina na nyirakuru baba Abasingakazi, kandi ahatse Abega n’Abaha n’Abakono? Ibyo kandi bya Nyankaka na nyina wa Ruganzu II Ndoli, ni iki cyatuma imilyango yabo ishyingirana n’Abami bacu n’abo hakulya, atali uko n’abo hakulya bali abatutsi? Niba kandi batali Abatutsi, mbwira umuhinza wo mu Bushi no mu Buhunde waza gusaba umugeni ku Mwami w’u Rwanda bakamumuha. Ni nde se wahihibikanywa no kujya gusaba umukobwa w’umuhinza utali impfura, nk’uko Gahindiro ka Mibambwe I yabigize. 25 – Nuko rero, abatekereza bavugaga gusa ko iyo Milyango ya kera yali Abatutsi, maze mu byo bavugaga bagatanga abagabo kandi batabizi; ntimwibagirwe ko byatekerezwaga bene byo batazi ko uwabyumva byashobora kumusobanurira ibindi! Naho rero ibyo byo gushyingirana kw’Abanyarwanda no mu mahanga, ntibidutangaze : n’Abami ubwabo barabigiraga. Nimwibuke ko Nyabunyana bwa Yuhi II Gahima II yashyingiwe kwa Ndagara ya Ruhinda i Karagwe. Ni mwibuke ko Abagabekazi bacu 2: nyina wa Kigeli I Mukobanya na nyina wa Yuhi II Gahima bali abageni baturutse mu mahanga. Uko kandi tuzabibona nyuma, u Burundi bwabanaga n’u Rwanda, bitangira kwangana no kurasana ejobundi ku ngoma ya Mibambwe II Gisanura. 26- Ibyo bitwereka ko imico yahozeho atali yo y’ubu; ibi tureba byagmilije guhinduka buhoro buhoro. Ubu ni nde Mwami wo mu mahanga waterwa agatabaza i Rwanda? Aho kumutabara bagenda bamusongera ko, ngo biyungukire icyo gihugu. Nyamara tuzabona ko kera Abanyarwanda batabaraga u Bugesera n’i Gisaka, na byo bikadutabara. Tuzabona ko umwana w’Umwami uzima i Gisaka yabundiraga mu Rwanda babizi, akazasubira i wabo amahoro. Tuzabona ko Umwami w’u Burundi yigeze kurarana n’uw’u Rwanda ku bulili bumwe. Tuzabona ko uw’i Rwanda yatashye ubukwe bw’i Bugesera.. Iby’ubu ntibyatwumvisha iteka ibyahozeho: byagiye bisilimuka na byo. Uko Abami ba kere bategekaga 27 – Uko Abahinza bategekaga twabivuze mbere (reba 1, N. 29-30): bali Abakuru b’Imilyango, bagategeka benewabo. Nta bwo barwaniraga kwungura igihugu cyabo : umuntu yagumanaga abo bava inda imwe, baba bake akanyurwa n’abo. Kwagura igihugu cyabo, byaterwaga no gutura ahegereye ishyamba, bakalikonda. Uko rero bakondaga ishyamba, bâgira n’amahirwe yo kwororoka, umulyango wabo ukaba munini. Haca amasekuruza menshi cyane, Umwami wabo akaba afite Umulyango ukomeye. Kandi ntimugire ngo ishyamba lyarihabwaga: nabonye Umuhinza wa Cyingogo-Itare, ansobanulira uko bajyaga batwara kera, n’aho yagabaniraga n’abandi Bahinza bo muli ayo mahugu. Mubajije icyatumye agira igihugu kinini, kandi bamwe muli abo Bahinza bandi bafite bitoya cyane, ati: « Byatewe n’uko ingoma yacu yabarushaga ishyamba. » Nti: « Ese bo babujijwe n’iki kulyendaho ngo bagerere ababo, nabo bagwize igihugu? » Ati: «Ese ugira ngo birihabwa? Abasekuruza bacu bigabanyije ishyamba kera,bagitangira kubaho muli ibi bihugu Umwami wese yakondeshaga Ishyamba lye, lyarangira agahinira aho, kuko abasekuruza babo bafashe indeka nto! « N’ubwo tutagitegeka igihugu, nzi aho imisozi yacu yagarukiraga hose ho mu Rugano! » 28 – Ambwira n’ubulyo bafataga ishyamba: ngo baralicerigeraga, bagateramo amateke, cyangwa ibindi bintu bihingwa bidakwiliye kwimeza mu ishyamba ubwabyo bidatewe n’abantu. Bakagenda babitera ku musitari, bakazenguruka ishyamba linini, bakazagaruka aho bahereye. Abandi rero bazaza bashaka gufata indeka nk’uko, bakazaza na bo batera amateke nk’uko, bagera no mn bishanga by’urugano bitagira ibikangaga bakahatera ibikangaga! Amaherezo rero bakazagera kuli wa musitari wa bene ibyo watewe n’abandi, bakamenya ko ali urubibi rwabo. Kurenga urwo rubibi bikazira. Numvise n’ubundi bulyo bafataga indeka mu bihugu byo mu Murera bikonzwemo ishyamba vuba ; nko mu Kibali numvise bavuga ko umuntu yazaga gukonda ishyamba, urubibi rw’indeka ye rukaba imitego y’inyamaswa yashingaga hilya no hino, abayigezeho bakamenya ko ali urubibi rwashinzwe n’undi. Iyo mitego na yo ikaba imipaka igabanya abakuru b’imilyango, nka kwakundi Abangogo n’abaturanyi babo bashingaga imipaka y’amateke. Aliko rero abo ho mu Kibali bagiraga Abakuru b’imilyango nta Bahinza bagiraga. 29 – N’uko rero, Abahinza ntibategekaga nk’uko tubizi ubu : bali abakuru b’Imilyango, bagategeka benewabo. Na byo kandi si ugutegeka koko: benewabo bikoreshaga ikoro ly’ibyo bahingaga byose aho byereye. Abo Bahinza na bo bakagira ibiroli byo kuvuma ibyonona imyaka byose: bagahabwa n’umuganura ukagilirwa ibiroli. Uwo Muhinza wo mu Cyingogo yantekerereje uko babigenzaga. Ntibarwanyaga indi milyango : barwanyaga ishyamba gusa ! Nta ngabo rero bagiraga. Ikibateye barahururaga bigashira. 30 – Abatutsi rero barashyira baduka ino. Abatutsi aliko bwa mbere na mbere nta bwo badukanaga ingabo ngo zize zirwana ; hazaga Umutware w’umutunzi yifitiye inka ze, azifashijwe n’abo bava inda imwe, n’abana be. Mbese rwose muzabaze uko Abahima bameze : barwubatse ku mutwe, bagatura aho inka zabo ziraye, aliko bagendana n’urugo rwabo rwose ! Abatutsi ni ko badutse mu by’ino : baje biragiliye inka zabo. AIiko rero bâragira inka zabo, bagira : bagaturuka mu bihugu byalimo Abami bategekaga ibihugu bigali babanje kugaruza umuheto. Bagera mu by’ino rero, agahugu baragiyemo inka zabo bakakagiramo abagaragu. Yamara rero kugwiza abagaragu, akareba icyo gihugu cyuzuye abahinza batagira ingabo, akibuka n’Abami yasize i wabo, cyangwa yarabatekererejwe n’ababyeyi: ba bagaragu be bakamubera amaboko yo kumuyoborera agahinza koroheje. Kamara kumuyoboka, akagaha inka : kakalyoherwa, kagatabara shebuja na ko. Bukeye bagatera undi muhinza: bityo bityo, igihugu kikagumya kwiyungura mu bugali. Muzi ko ibihugu n’ubu biyoborwa n’inka: ibigirwa ubu, ntimwibagirwe ko ali uruhererekane rwa gitutsi. Uko inka ibatsindira ibihugu, ikabaha amaboko, ni ko byatangiye. 31- Aliko rero, umuhinza yamaraga gutsindwa atyo, bakamurekeraho, akagumya kugira imihango ye ya gihinza : aliko akayoboka uwamutsinze. Nabajije Ruvuzandekwe, dore ko igihugu cye cyalimo Abahinza babili, nti: « Mbese nyine ko watwaraga iki gihugu Abazungu bataravanaho iby’abahinza ukaba wumva baraturwaga amakoro, bakagira ingoma zabavugiraga, n’ibiroli by’umuganura, mwagenzanyaga mute? » Ati: « Na kera kwose iby’Abahinza nta wabyitagaho. Uza utwara igihugu waragihawe n’Umwami, ugakoresha uko ushaka: bakagutura, bagatanga imilimo yawe n’iy’i Bwami, ibisigaye ukabyirengagiza. Bagatura rero n’Umuhinza wabo, kuko byabashimishaga, baruzi ko bibafitiye akamaro. Kandi rero ukaba uruzi ko ugerageje kubibabuza wagomesha igihugu, bakanga gutanga imilimo yawe n’iy’i Bwami, kuko baba bibwira ko ushaka kubisha inzara, wowe ubabuza kwihakirwa ku wo Immana yabishinze kuva mu ntangiliro y’imilyango yabo. 32 – Ibyo Paulo Ruvuzandekwe yavuze, si iby’ubu : na kera babitekereje batyo. Iteka mujye mwibuka ko bene icyo kintu cy’akarande mu gihugu, ikintu bakubwira bati: « Tugiciyeho twamera dutya, » cyangwa se bati: « Ibyo bigenda bitya na bitya, kugira ngo hatagira iki n’iki kiba», mujye mwibuka ko abatubanjilije, ali bo basize baduhannye, bakatwigisha uko tuzajya tubigenza. Ibyo kandi noneho si no gucishiliza gusa ngo turabikeka: tuzi neza ko Abahinza ba kera bose bagumyeho, bagumana ingoma zabo ; abatali bazifite kandi bagumana imihango yabo y’ubuhinza. Aliko rero nta bwo twashoboye kumenya izo ngoma z’Abahinza ba kera zose: uwamenya izo tutazi yazazitubwira tukuzuza umubare. 33 – Izo twamenye ni izi: Gihugu y’Abahinza b’i Mabanza mu Bwishaza, batwaraga u Bwishaza nyine n’u Budaha. Ubwoko bwabo bali Abakwa. Nkandagiy’abagome y’abahinza b’i Mushishiro (Provinsi Marangara) batwaraga agahugu gakikije Mushishiro. Kayenzi yahoranye Abahinza b’u Bugamba (muli Provinsi Cyingogo) na Simmugomwa y’Abahinza batwaraga Cyingogo. Uwashaka kuvana abo Bahinza ruhandi, kandi neza, yàbishobozwaga no kugira karta yerekana aho ibyo bihugu biherereye. Haliho abandi Bahinza benshi tuzi, aliko ntituzi amazina y’ingoma bahoranye: icyo tuzi ni uko bagiraga imihango yabo ya gihinza yo kworora imyaka. 34 – Aliko rero mwitegereze ko abatsindwaga bakarekerwa ingoma, ali Abahinza b’Abahutu. Nta Mwami w’Umututsi utsindwa ngo agumane ingoma ye. Byongeye kandi, ahali Abahinza na byo ni mu bihugu by’inkiga. Ngira ngo icyabiteye, ni uko Abatutsi batashoboraga kuhatura, kuko hataba inka. Bahatungiraga gusa amakoro. Naho ibihugu bishyushye byashoboraga kubamo inka, Abatutsi ni ho biganzaga : inka igasumba isuka, Abahinza baho bagacika vuba, kuko ubukuru bwabo bwacogoranaga n’urukundo rw’inka. Nta cyubahiro cy’Abahinza muli bene ibyo bihugu. Ngira ngo ni icyo cyaciye Abahinza mu bihugu byo hagati byiganjemo Abatutsi. 35 – Muli ibyo bihugu rero bikwiranye n’inka dore uko twumvise ngo Abatutsi ba kera bategekaga :Umwami yagabanyaga abana be igihugu, cyangwa abo bava inda imwe. Uwagabanye rero Provinsi ye akayibamo nk’Umwami: abana be bakayikuranwamo iteka lyose, bakemera Umwami, bakamuhakwaho, bamumezeho nk’uko Abahinza bo mu nkiga babaga bameze mu bihugu byabo. Aliko rero Umwami nta tegeko likomeye yagiraga, kuko ngo nta we yanyagaga igihugu cye. Mbese na we yameraga nk’Umutware muli Provinsi ye, abandi akabarusha gusa ingoma y’Ingabe; inzu rero ikomoka ku Mutware umwe wa kera ikigumira muli Provinsi yabo, indi ni uko. Umutware kandi yaterwaga n’undi wo mu kindi gihugu, akirwanaho wenyine, Umwami wabo ntiyilirwe amutabara. Habaga se n’aho Umwami ashatse kurwana n’akandi gahugu, igihugu cye cyose ntikimuhombokeho nk’uko tubizi kuli ubu. Mbese rwose wumva uko babitekereza, ugasanga bali bakili nk’abana mu by’ubutegetsi. Bali bagikulikiza imigenzereze y’Abahinza yo kwiyicalira i wawe, undi akiyicalira i we : waterwa n’abandi ukimaramaliza. 36 – N’uko rero, Abatutsi bagitangira baremye ibihugu bigali, bamaze kubirema byemera ingoma bihuliyeho, aliko rero bene byo babitegeka gihinza. Bavuga ko ali iyo mpamvu yatumye Abanyiginya babitsinda. Na ho aliko ngo batangiye batyo, maze ibya bene abo Batware bivanwaho na Kigeli I Mukobanya : ngo ni we watangiye gutegeka igihugu cyose wenyine, Abatware bose baramwumvira. Abali Abatware icyo gihe yishemo bamwe twumvise mu bitekerezo. Ubwo bukare yali azanye bwo kwica abantu yarwanyaga, bukururukira umuhungu we Mibambwe IMutabazi: bavuga ko ali we watungukanye ibyo kuboha Abatutsi no kubica. Mu bihugu bidukikije bindi, ali mu Burundi, ali mu Gisaka kitaraba u Rwanda, ali mu Nkore: na n’ubu nta bwo bali bazi kuboha impfura icyo ali cyo. Ahubwo baranyagaga. Yaba akwiliye gupfa agacirwa mu mahanga: ibyo kubohwa no gutangwa biba ino gusa. Abatutsi bamaze imyaka ingahe bageze ino ? 37 – Muribuka ko tugitangira twavuze ko Abatwa n’Abahutu bamaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi muli ibi bihugu, hakaba nta muntu wagerageza no kuyimenya acishilije byegereje; (reba 1,N. 25 na 40). N’Abatutsi twabanje kuvuga ba mbere, ni kimwe nta wamenya neza imyaka bamaze bageze ino. Kugerageza no kuyibara ucishilije, ni ukwigerezaho! Ntibifite ishingiro: ujya gucishiliza nibura agira urufatiro. Icyakora ngira ngo baba bamaze ino imyaka itali hasi y’igihumbi gisaga kure, nibura aba mbere na mbere. Ikintera kubivuga, ni ibyo tugiye gusoma by’Abanyiginya.

Inganji Karinga: Igice cya III

Umwaduko w’abanyiginya, baje bate ? Igitekerezo cy’ibimanuka. 1-Tumaze gutekereza uko Abatutsi ba mbere badutse muli ibi bihugu, bakabiremamo ingoma zabo. Reka rero dutekereze umwaduko w’Abanyiginya. Igitekerezo cy’umwaduko wabo cyitwa Igitekerezo cy’lbimanuka, kuko gitangirwa n’umugani wahimbwe n’abashakaga kutwemeza ko Abami bacu bamanutse kw’ijuru, bashaka no kutwigisha ukuntu u Rwanda ali rwo si yose, n’imilyango yose ikaba yaravuye kuli Gihanga. Icyo gitekerezo kandi kigira n’irindi zina, bacyita Igitekerezo cy’Ibirali.Sinzi urulimi ilyo jambo ly’lbirali likivugwamo, niba ali Urunyankore, niba ali Urunyagisaka. Ngo bisobanura: Amasekuruza. Aliko rero sindizi ubwanjye: nabyumvanye abandi. Umugani 2- Icyo gitekerezo kilimo ibice bibili: Habanza umugani, hagataho Igitekerezo. Dore rero, igice cya mbere cy’umugani: Kera mu gihugu cyo hejuru hahoze umuntu akitwa Shyerezo. Ashaka abagore benshi, balimo uwitwa Gasani. Aliko Gasani aba ingumba. Bukeye haza umuhanuzikazi witwaga Impamvu, aramubwira, ati: «Nkuragulire umuhungu ugiye kubyara! Icyo uzampemba ntikiruhije: upfa kunyihera icyo nambara n’ikintunga, nkaza ngatura mu rugo rwawe gusa, kugira ngo mbone n’ubulyo bwo kugumya kukubwiliza uko uzàbigenza. Gasani yemera ibyo Impamvu amubwiye: amutungira aho mu baja be. 3 – Bukeye Impamvu abwira nyirabuja ati: « Ubajishe igicuba cy’umurinzi ucyuzuzemo amata nzakubwira! » Muli iyo minsi, Shyerezo aza kubagisha ikimasa yiraguliza: abapfumu bamaze kucyorosora, baratega basanga cyeze. Bajya rero mu nzu kuvuga amabara yacyo. Igihe bahugiye muli ibyo’; Impamvu abwira nyirabuja ngo yibe umutima wacyo. Arawiba! Bawujugunya muli cya gicuba cy’umurinzi bali bujujemo amata. Igicuba bakijisha hamwe n’ibisabo, bakajya bakibuganizamo amata uko inka zihumuje , mu gitondo na nimugoroba, kugira ngo amata ahore yuzuyemo. Babara amezi cyenda, ukwa cumi barajishura! Bapfunduye basanga akana k’uruhinja kareremba hejuru y’amata. Bavuza impundu, bati: « Gasani arabyaye ! » 4 – Inkuru ngo igere kuli Shyerezo bamubwira ngo aze kwita umwana izina, Shyerezo aranga ati: «Uwo mwana si uwanjye ! Nibamwice sinshaka ko ambera aho ! » Gasani n’umuja we babimenye baramuhisha, kuko abazaga kumwica babaga banga kwiteranya na nyirabuja: baza bakabanza kumubulira. Umwana amaze gukura, aba mwiza cyane. Inkuru igera kuli Shyerezo bati: « Rwose ufite umwana mwiza cyane, utaraboneka mu bantu! » Ati: « Uwo mwana ko nategetse kumwica, byagenze bite? Nibagende bamwice, simushaka nta bwo ali uwanjye ! » Abagaragu atumye baraza babwira Gasani bati: «Tuje kureba umwana wawe barahiliye muduhamagalire tumubone! » Nyina akaba yaramwise Sabizeze! Aje ngo bamukubite amaso, baramutangalira gusa, ntihagira uwibuka ibyo kumwica. Baragenda babwira se bati: « Uwamwica ni nko kukwica ubwawe ! » B’bigize gatatu, se aza kumwiyicira: amukubise amaso acika intege zo kumwica, amugira uwe; amwita Immana! 5 – Limwe rero nyina wa Gasani aza kumusura. Umutwa wa Sabizeze aza kubumviliza, ngo yumve ibyo Gasani avugana na nyina. Bombi rero baraganira bagusha kuli Sabizeze; nyina wa Gasani ati: «Mbese uriya mwana usa kuriya wamubyaye ute, ko numvise ngo Shyerezo yarabanje kwanga ko ali uwe?» Gasani rero amutekerereza uko Sabizeze yavuye mu mutima w’ikimasa abapfumu ba Shyerezo bali baraguye kirera. Umutwa amaze kubyumva arasohoka, asanga Sabizeze aho akinira n’abandi bana. Ati: « Mbega mwana wa databuja, ugira ngo ndacyatangajwe n’ukuntu uturusha byo ase ! Namenye ko wavuye mu mutima w’immana bali bejeje! Ko utabyawe na Shyerezo wabuzwa n’iki kuturusha byose ? » 6 – Sabizeze ngo abyumve, ati: « Aho murumva Gasani wagiye kumbyarura, akagira ngo si ndi uwa data! Singishoboye kuba muli iki gihugu: isoni ntizareka ngira aho nkwirwa! » Aragenda rero yenda umuheto we n’imbwa ze eshatu: Ruzunguzungu, na Rukende, na Ruguma. Yenda inyundo ze zilimo Nyarushara; akora kuli murumuna we Mututsi, na mushiki wabo Nyampundu. Ayobora impfizi yabo Rugira, n’insumba yayo Ingizi; ajyana intama yabo Nyabuhoro, na rugeyo yayo Mudende; yenda isake yabo Rubika n’inkokokazi yayo Mugambira. umutwa wa bo ataho, maze bashyira nzira. Igitekerezo 7 – Bamanuka kw’ijuru baza mu gihugu cyo hasi, maze bururukira ku Rutare rw’Ikinani, ho mu Mubali. Hakaba igihugu cy’Abazigaba, Umwami wabo ali Kabeja. Bageze ku Rutare rw’Ikinani baracanira. Abagaragu ba Kabeja babonye umwotsi baratangara, bati: « Mbese hariya hantu ko hatabaga abantu, uriya mwotsi uturutse ku ki? » Abandi bati: « Ahali aho ni abahigi bahacanye, cyangwa se ni abagiye guca amakara! » Bukeye basanga umwotsi utimutse ; bimara iminsi babona umwotsi wahamenyereye! Bajya kubibwira Kabeja ko wenda haba harubatse abantu batali basanzwe bazwi. Kabeja yohereza abajya kureba abo ali bo. 8 – Intumwa zije ziti: « Muli aba he? Mwaje kwenda iki aha ngaha? » Sabizeze ati: « Turava mw’i-juru; nta bwo tugenzwa no kugira icyo tubatwara tuli abashyitsi b’amahoro! » Intumwa zisubira kwa Kabeja: arabareka batura muli ilyo shyamba, baliragiramo, baralihiga. Babita Ibimanuka, kuko bali bavuye kw’ijuru. Umutware wabo ali we Sabizeze noneho bene igihugu bamwita Kigwa, kuko yaguye aturuka mw’ijuru. 9 – Bukeye rero Kigwa abwira murumuna we Mututsi ati: « Mbese ko uruzi inyamaswa twazanye zanga zikagwira, ali uko zifite ingore, twe tuzamera dute? Tugiye gupfa ducitse? Enda turongore mushiki wacu Nyampundu! » Mututsi aranga. Kigwa aramurongora babyarana umukobwa Sukiranya. Amaze gukura, Kigwa agira Mututsi inama ati: « Enda mugushyingire! » Mututsi ati: «Sinashaka umwana wanjye! » Kigwa ati: « Ndakwereka uko tubizirura ! Genda uture hakulya yacu hariya, bukéye uzaze kumusaba! Ninkubaza ubwoko bwawe, uzagire uti: « Ndi Umwega wa kulya! » Kuko uzaba utuye kuli uriya mwega wo hakulya yacu !» Mututsi arabigira, bukeye arongora Sukiranya, babyarana Mukono, na Ntandayera na Serwega. Aliko rero ibi bya Mututsi by’Abega, nitugera ku gitabo cy’Imilyango ni bwo tuzabisobanura. Ibitali umugani ni ibihe? 10 – Muli iki Gitekerezo cy’Ibimanuka, twasanzemo ikintu kimwe twavuga ko cyabayeho koko: ni uko Abanyiginya ba mbere bahingutse mu Mubali. Ibara lyabo, wenda bali inzobe koko: birasho-boka. Na yo imivukire ya Sabizeze, nta muntu uciye akenge washidikanya kuvuga ko ali umugani w’umuhimbano. lkindi kandi mbaye mbavaniyeho, ni iby’ilyo shyingirana lya Kigwa na Mututsi: nta bwo ali ibyo mu Rwanda gusa. No mu Nkore bafite uwo mugani. Nawubonye mu gitabo cyanditsena Musenyeri Gorju, ,uyu wahoze mu Burundi, (cyanditswe mu mwaka wa 1920), ku rupapuro rwa 280 na 281 zacyo. Aliko aho kuvuga Kigwa na Mututsi, bavuga amazina ahuje n’ibyabo : Kahima, na Kakama, na Kayiru. Kahima ni Gatutsi, Kamaka ni Umwami, na we Kayiru ni Gahutu. Kahima ni we wabagiliye inama yo kurongora mushiki wabo, aba ali we umurongora; babyarana umukobwa, amushyingira Kakama. Na we Kayiru yanze, ajya gushaka muli rubanda basanze aho : ni bwo bamunennye, akaba umuhutu. 11 – Uko mubiruzi rero, ni umugani wo mu Batutsi, ushaka kuvuga ko bativanze na rubanda rutali bo ; ni nka wawundi wa Gatwa na Gahutu na Gatutsi Immana yafashaga amata nijoro, bwacya bagasanga aya Gatutsi akili yose, aya Gahutu acagase aya Gatwa yashize mu cyansi: uwo ni umugani wahimbiwe gusobanura impamvu yatumye abantu basumbana mu moko! Ahantu hali amoko menshi mu gihugu kimwe, iteka bagerageza guhimba impamvu yabiteye. Dore nk’uwo wa Gatwa na Gahutu na Gatutsi, tuwuhuliyeho n’i Nkore no mu Burundi, uwa Kigwa wo kurongora mushiki we uli no mu Nkore. Kubivuga mu magambo ahwanye, aliko ahushanye ho buke, birushaho kutwereka ko byahimbwe kera, bikaba bizwi mu Batutsi badakomoka ino : byaba iby’ino honyine bite? (Reba 1, 26). 12 Ngicyo igitekerezo y’Ibimanuka. Abo bita ilyo zina ly’ Ibimanuka, ni abantu b’imigani bavuga ko bakomotse kuli Kigwa ; barakubwira bati: « Kigwa abyara Muntu, Muntu abyara Kimanuka; Kimanuka abyara Kijuru; Kijuru abyara Kobo ; Kobo abyara Merano ; Merano abyara Randa; Randa abyara Gisa; Gisa abyara Kizira; Kizira abyara Kazi; Kazi abyara Gihanga, cyahanze inka n’ingoma. Abo bose babanziliza Gihanga ni bo Ibimanuka. Uko mureba amazina yabo yibutsa ko ali abantu bamanutse kw’ijuru, andi kandi agahamya ko ali bo shingiro ly’abantu. 13 – Aliko rero ntitwahamya ko abo bantu bigeze kubaho koko ; niba kandi baranabayeho, ubanza bali abagaragu b’Umutware wabo wa mbere uwo bita Kigwa. Igituma ngira nti: « Nta warahira ko babayeho, ni uko Igitekerezo cyabo ali umugani utagira shinge na rugero. Nta kintu rwose gishobora kutwereka ko babayeho koko ! Igituma kandi ngira nti: “Niba barabayeho ubanza barahoze ali abagaragu ba Kigwa, » ni mpamvu yatumye babita Ibimanuka bose ! Ese n’aho umwe yamanuka mw’ijuru, aje akima, hanyuma agatanga atabyaye : abaje kumuzungura bose bamanuka mw’ijuru ? Icyatuma ilyo zina ly’Ibimanuka liba rusange kuli bose rero, ni uko baba baramanukiye icyalimwe. Ibyo kumanuka rero tuzi ko bitagira ihuliro : baje bagenda ku bu-taka nk’abandi bose. Ayo mazina rero nta mpamvu yayo: yaba yarahimbwe gusa mu migani, akaba ay’abazanye na Kigwa! Ntimugire muti: « Kigwa we se, i1yo zina lye ko utalimwatse? » Nimucyo tulimurekere: yabayeho koko uwo we! Bisibye kuba yaramanutse mw’ijuru, aliko rero ntawashidikanya: ubwo baliho mu Rwanda, bagize Umutegeka w’Umulyango wabo wadutse ino bwa mbere na mbere. Ubwo nta rindi zina lye tuzi, nimumurekere ilyo Rubanda bamwise. 14 – Kigwa n’ibindi Bibimanuka baba mu Bucurabwenge : mwihangane akanya muraza kureba uko bayabuvugamo ! Nyamara ndibwira ko baliho benshi bayumvise, bashobora kujya impaka ngo si ko akulikirana! Baritonde : na njye ndabizi! Mfite Ubucurabwengebwandikishijwe n’abantu benshi: umwe ayivugira uko ashatse, undi uko ashatse! Izina lilimo lihora aho mwayabonye, ni ilya Kigwa libanza, n’ilya Kazi rero liheruka. Ibisigaye bindi byose barabivuyanga :ilibangutse ku rulimi habanza ilyo. N’uko rero muyende uko “yanditse. Ndetse ushatse afite uruhusa rwo kwongera kubiculikiranya uko abyiyumvamo kundi ! Abanyiginya baturutse he? 15 – Twabanje kuvuga Igitekerezo cy’Ibimanuka, uko Abanyarwanda bakivuga twabonye ko igice kimwe kibanza ali umugani. Igice cya kabili twavuze ko ali igitekerezo : aliko rero si ukuvuga ko ali inkuru y’imvaho inoze ! Ni ukuvuga gusa ko icyo gice kiturangira ahantu hazwi ho mu Rwanda bahingukiye. Kandi rero tukaba tuzi neza ko ali icyo gihugu bagombye guhingukiramokoko! Noneho rero tuve muli ibyo by’imigani n’Ibitekerezo bishogoshe, twibaze aho baturutse, n’inzira banyuzemo baza ino, batarahinguka mu Mubali wa Kabeja, ho mu Rweya. 16 – Abanyiginya aho baturutse ha mbere ni mu bya Abisiniya, nk’abandi Batutsi. Iyaba twali abantu bashobora kugenda hose, nk’abadafite indi milimo, cyangwa se bafite ibyo gukoraho impamba, ngo tujye muli Abisiniya, nta kabuza twahasanga ibintu byinshi bimeze nk’ibyacu, byatwemeza koko ko Abatutsi ali yo baturutse. Uretse ibyo tubona mu bitabo bivuga ko Abatutsi b’ino basa n’Ababisiniya, n’indi Milyango ikomoka muli Abisiniya yitwa: Abasomali n’Abamasayi, nabonye urwandiko rw’umuhungu Dominiko Rama, Umunyarwanda wo mu Bufumbira wagiye mu ntambara iriya muli Kenya. 17 – Iyo baruwa y’uwa 4 aprili 1943, iti: « Mu gihugu cya Somali hatuye Abasomali basa mu ishusho bagasa n’Abahima n’Abatutsi. Ingeso zabo n’imico yabo ni bimwe n’ibyo mwasomye mu Kinyamateka by’Abahima b’i Nkore. Abasomali ni abantu bazi neza Abatutsi, kandi bakanabakunda cyane. Dore nahuye n’Umusomali wize cyane wo muli Somali y’Abongereza, ambaza iby’Abatutsi ashishikaye cyane, ati: « Mbese nyine, numvise ibya benewacu bitwa Abatutsi, none waba warabamenye? Uzi n’igihugu cyitwa Rwanda? » Numvise ibyo ndishima cyane. N’uko musobanulira ibyo mu Rwanda n’imico y’Abatutsi, mwumvisha ko bihuje n’iby’iwabo rwose, ali ku ishusho, ali no mu mico. Arambwira ati: « Ndagushimye cyane. Kandi uko nzajya mbyibuka iteka nzajya mbigushimira ». 18 – Iyo baruwa ya Dominiko Rama iratwereka iby’umuntu yiboneye bimushishikaje ubwe! Byabaye n’amahire bigera ino tugiye kwandika ibi ngibi. Mwibuke ko Somali y’Abongereza ili hilya ya Abisiniya: kuva ino ujyayo rero hali akarere! Kubona Abanyarwanda bahuje imico n’Abasomali ntibyaba amahirwe yo guhuza gusa: ni uko isano ali imwe koko ! 19 – Uretse ibyo kandi, nagize amahirwe yo kubona ibitabo bitekereza iby’Ababisiniya. Muli ibyo bitabo halimo kimwe nasanzemo amagambo ashobora kutwereka ko imigenzo y’Abatutsi y’ino ali ukwigana iby’iyo baturutse. Icyo gitabo cyitwa Ibitekerezo bya Abisiniya, cyanditse A.H.M. Jones. Ku rupapuro rwa 39, atekereza iby’Umwami w’igihangange witwaga Afilas, wali ku ngoma hagati y’umwaka 200 n’uwa 300, byali byaranditswe icyo gihe n’Umusaserdoti witwaga Kosmas. Nasanze bijya kuba icyivugo cy’uwo Mwarni, cyangwa se ibigwi bye. Agira ati: Mu bami bambanjilije nijye wa mbe re watsinze imilyango yose, Mbikesheje Mahrem, Immana ishobora byose, Ali na yo yanyibyaliye! Ni we wampave gutsinda imilyango ikikije igihugu cyanjye. Aho mu burasirazuba ngeza mu gihugu cy’imibavu, Aho mu burengerazuba ngeza mu gihugu cya Nubiya na Saso. Bamwe nabatsinze nigiliyeyo ubwanjye, Ahandi mpatuma imitwe yanjye y’ingabo ! Aho mmaliye gutuza amahoro mu bihugu byanyobotse Ngaruka kuli Adulis kuhatulira ibitambo , Byo kuzasohoza amahoro abagenda mu manyanja. Ngo mmare gukoranya imitwe yanjye Nimika aha ngaha iyi ntebe yanjye y’Ubwami, Mu mwaka wa makumyabili n’ine w’ingoma yanjye ! Aho murora Abatutsi ntibagize mubwiliza? Nagatangaye igituma ibyivugo n’ubuhimbaze bw’intambara biba, cyane cyane aho Abatutsi bageze. 20 – Bavuga ko Abanyiginya ba mbere bali ibituku bacyaduka. Ibyo ntibyadutangaza cyane, kuko Ababisiniya atali Abirabura basanzwe: umubili wabo ureruruka uko ntazi. Babita Abirabura-beruruka; ndetse izina lyabo basangiye n’Abatutsi b’ino, ilyo kwitwa Abahamiti, lisobanura ngo Inzobe, cyangwa Abasa n’inombe. Muli icyo gitabo tumaze kuvuga, twasanzemo ikintu cyashobora kwubahiliza abavuze ko Kigwa na bagenzi be bali Ibituku. Bili ku rupapuro rwa 40 na 41; uwo Mwami Afilas ni we wakomezaga gutekereza ibitero byo ku ngoma ye. 21 – Avuga ko Abanubiya, (bo mu karere ka ruguru y’u Bunyoro, mu burengerezuba bwa Abisiniya), bali bikujije maze baramugomera. Baribwira mu mutima wabo bati: « Ababisiniya nta bwo baza tinyuka kwambuka uruzi rwa Takazze, ngo badutere ! » Nuko batera abatuye hafi yabo: abantu b’Abirabura barwana n’umubili utukura. Hanyuma Aizanas, murumuna w’Umwami yohereza intumwa ku Banubiya, ngo zibabuze kugumya gukomangana batyo: barazituka, ndetse bazicuza imyambaro. Aizanas arabatera, abatera ikinesho cy’icyorezo ku ruzi rwa Takazze, ararwambuka, abahomerera aberekeza mu burengerazuba, abageza ku ruzi rwa Seda, benshi barurohamamo. Amanuka uruzi rwose, yomokera mu gihugu cy’Abanubiya b’Ibituku, na bo arabayobora. » Nuko rero, ku nkiko ya Abisiniya yerekera mu by’ino, higeze gutura ibituku. Bahavuye bakaza ino basa batyo ntibyatangaza cyane. 22 – Mbere twavuze ukuntu Abatutsi ba kera bategekaga igihugu cyabo ; (Reba 11, N. 35). Muli icyo gitabo twasanzemo ibintu byashobora gutuma nibura dukeka aho bavanye iyo mitegekere yabo, yo kugira Umwami uzwi na bose, akagira ingoma yabo y’ingabe, aliko benewabo bahawe za Provinsi bakimerera nk’Abami mu duhugu twabo. Twanze kubivuga icyo gihe, kuko twali tutaribaza iyo Abatutsi baturutse. Ngira ngo abenshi bazi ko Umwami wo muli Abisiniya tumwita Negus. Muli icyo gitabo rero, ku rupapuro rwa 89, handitse ibi : « Izina ly’Umwami wa Abisiniya mu rulimi rwabo ni : Negusa-Nagast, ali byo kuvuga ngo: Umwami w’Abami. impamvu y’ilyo zina, ni uko yali Umwami w’igihugu cyuzuyemo Abami b’ibihugu bitoya, bimwe bigategekwa n’Abami babisizwemo n’abasekuru by’akarande ; ibindi bigategekwa n’Abatware batangaga amakoro i Bwami. Negusa Nagast yashakaga kwiyegereza iyo milyango y’Abami bo mu gihugu cyeakabashakamo abageni. » Murora se ntibigiye kumera nk’ibyahoze ino kera? Ndora Abatutsi bageze ino, babonye igihugu bagitegeka uko basize bimeze iwabo. 23 – Henga mbese turangilize ku Batware no ku Bagaba b’ingabo za Negusa Nagagt. Abatware ba Provinsi yishyiliraga mu bihugu bitalimo Abami ni bo bali n’Abagaba b’ingabo zo muli ibyo bihugu byabo. Ni bo kandi babazwaga amakoro yo mu bihugu byabo, na ho ubwabo bakayashyikilizwa n’Ibisonga byabo. Ibyo bisonga; umwe yazanaga umugabane we, undi uwe: bagakoraniliza ku Mutware wabisohozaga i Bwami. (Ibyo byanditse ku rupapuro rwa 91). Abo Batware rero ni bo batoraga ingabo, bakarema imitwe muli Provinsi zabo, bakazitunga ubwabo. Habaga ubwo izo ngabo zitungwa n’ibyo zâya mu gihugu, zaba zigiye mu ntambara zikikorera impamba. Abatware na bo batungwaga n’amaturo atanzwe n’imisozi imwe yatorewe icyo, yo mu bihugu byabo. Naho rero abandi bakomeye b’impfura, batatwaraga bagatungwa n’ibikingi bagabiwe na Negusa Nagast. Ahasigaye hose ho mu gihugu hakaba umwihaliko w’Umwami w’Abami. Nta kindi bamutegerezagaho kitali uko limwe na limwe yagiraga icyo aha bamwe muli abo b’impfura bali ibyegera bye, no gutunga abo mu rugo rwe. (Ibyo byanditse ku rupapuro 92 na 93). 24 – Ukuntu kandi Umwami yacaga immanza, na byo ni ibyacu rwose. Ataragira icyo alya, cyangwa icyo anywa mu gitondo cya kare, yabanzaga guca immanza. Yabaga akibyuka, agasanga rubanda basakabaka, bati: « Nyagasani Mwami turenganure, turarengana! » Ibyo babivugiraga mu rugo i kambere. Umwami akaza agaca urubanza by’umugenzo, hanyuma akabona kugira icyo akora kindi, aliko abanje uwo mulimo we ! Ndetse habaga habuze ababurana by’ukuli, bakareba undi muntu bagulira utaramukanye urubanza, akaza akarega undi, bakaburana by’umugenzo, bagakizwa : Umwami akabona gukora ibindi! (Ibyo bili ku rupapuro rwa 167 na 168). Ibyo ni iby’Umwami w’u Rwanda neza. 25 – Ibi byose tumaze kuvuga, ni nde utabizi mu Rwanda, ali mu butegetsi bwacu Abazungu bataraduka, ali no mu mihango bagiraga i Bwami? Ibyo se kandi ko muruzi ali ibintu byataruwe mu gitabo cyandikiwe kwivugira ibindi, none iyo uwacyanditse amenya ibyabaga ino ngo ashake kugereranya, yandikemo ibyo duhuliyeho n’Ababisiniya uko mureba biba byaracuze iki? Maze kandi aho mbikundira, ni uko ababidutekerereje b’ino batali bazi ibivugwa ahandi, batanazilikana ko bizagereranywa bitya. Iyo baba abantu bize, twabyemeye dufite amakenga, tugira tuti: « Ibyo bya kera wenda babihimbira kuko bazi ibyo muli Abisiniya! « Aliko rero n’aho bahimba ibyo tutazi kuli ubu, ubwo buhimbyi bwabo si bwo bwatuma imigenzo yacu tuzi ihinduka uko babishaka. Si bene ubwo bwenge bwatuma Ababisiniya bahindura ngo bahuze na twe Nuko rero, ali ibyo batekereza bya kera by’u Rwanda tutasanze, ali n’ibyo twashoboye kumenyabyinshi halimo ibitwemeza ko Abatutsi bo mu Rwanda baturutse muli Abisiniya. 26 – Imigenzo y’Abanyiginya myinshi yaba yarizaniwe na bo nyine, ku mwaduko wabo ; aliko rero ibyinshi ngira ngo babisanze aho mu bihugu byacu ibi byali bigiye kuzaba u Rwanda. Ubwo rero twamaze kuvuga iby’Abatutsi bose, n’ingoma zabo, tukaba kandi tudafite inzira zo gukulikirana abandi: tugiye kwitondera Abanyiginya, kuko ali bo baje nyuma. Tuzi ko bavuye muli Abisiniya, wenda bagaca muli Nubiya, cyangwa se bakaba barabanje no gutura muli Nubiya, kuko na byo bishoboka. Noneho rero twibaze inzira bakulikiye baza ino. Inzira Abanyiginya bakulikiye. 27 – Igihe Abanyiginya badutse, nta bwo twalituliho, kandi nta bwo twali tuzi kwandika, ngo babe haragize ubidusigira mu bitabo. Aliko rero haliho ubulyo bwo kubihishura, kandi ukabanza uwabukulikiza atayoba cyane: keretse ashatse gutanisha ubwe akihimbira ibyo Abanyiginya batamwiyerekeye ubwabo. Ubwo bulyo bwo kuturangira inzira Abanyiginya banyuze, ni imico yabo yo kwimukana amazina y’aho bahoze batuye, bakayita aho bazatura nyuma; ahali kwali ukugira ngo bajye batekera abasekuruza babo, bababeshya ngo baracyali mu gihugu cy’amavuko yabo. 28 -Aliko iyo mico si iy’Abanyiginya gusa, n’abandi ubanza barabigiraga, ugasangwa ali uko batali bafite ubulyo bwo gusiga abazabitumenyesha. Murabizi haliho amazina y’imisozi yitiranwa myinshi. Dore nka Nyanza, ruguru mu Ndorwa habanza Nyanza y’Abashambo, muli Buganza-Nord hakaba Nyanza ya Nyansenge, mu Bwanacyambwe hakaba Nyanza ya Gahanga, mu Buriza hakaba Nyanza na Muhororo; mu Nduga hakaba Nyanza ya Mwima ; mu Bufundu hakaba Nyanza ya Cyanika ; muli Nyaruguru hakaba Nyanza ya Matyazo ; muli Nyakare hakaba Nyanza ya Buvumo. Murareba ko iyo misozi ili mu bihugu byo hagati y’u Rwanda : itwaye akarere kamwe kava mu Ndorwa kajyana i Burundi. Nta bwo nali numva ilyo zina mu misozi y’inkiga, aliko rero wenda lyaba lyaragiyeyo. Urwo ni urugero rubereka ko kenshi amazina y’imisozi yitiranwa, kandi witegereje uko iyo misozi utuye, ugasanga bikwiliye kubabyarakulikiranye bityo. Na none ni abantu bayise batyo: aliko rero ntihabuze impamvu yabibateye. Haba gushaka guterekera abasekuruza babo nk’ibyo twavugaga, haba se gusanga umusozi bashatse guturaho bawereje, bakawusangana izina libi, hanyuma bakawuhimba izina lyagiraga icyo livuga cyiza utakimenya mu rulimi rw’ubu; n’izindi mpamvu nyinshi. Dore nka Rwabugili yagiye kwubaka i Rwamijyojyo, mu Marangara, izina aralihindura ahita Rwamaraba ; hafi ya Nyanza kandi muhazi umusozi witwa Mushirarungu: kera hitwaga Rungu, maze aho Mwima ibereye umurwa, banga ko i Bwami haturana n’irungu: bahita Mushirarungu. 29-Abanyiginya na bo bagendana amazina yabo batyo. Icya mbere, haliho amazina tuzi bimukanye mu Gishubi ( Provinsi ya Rukoma ), haliho umusozi witwa Nyamirembe; ilyo zina lyageze hakuno ya Nyabarongo aho Abanyiginya bahatsindiye bava mu Bwanacyambwe. Lyabanje mu Ndorwa hafi ya Rutaraka, haba Nyamirembe ya Rubambantare ; byigiye hepfo haba Nyamirembe ya Humure, mu Mutara werekera ino. Ni ho Gihanga yahereye abana be batatu ingoma zizababera Ingabe, maze bituma uwo musozi wa Nyamirembe ugira icyubahiro cyane mu Banyiginya, witwa imfura y’imirwa yose. Ahandi tuzi ni umurwa wa Bumbogo bwa Nkuzuzu ho mu Bwanacyambwe. Aho batsindiye u Busarasi, bahita u Bumbogo, buba imbata yabo. Aho bambukiye Nyabarongo bageze mu Nduga, bahazana ilyo zina : balihimba umurwa wa Bumbogo bwa Gutamba, hafi yo mu Ruhango rwa Mutakara. Bageze ku murwa wa Mwulire wo mu Busanza-Sud tugiye kugeraho (muli iyi numero ya 31 ikurikira) bawuzanaho ilyo zina lya Bumbogo: balyita umurenge umwe waho ushoreye ahateganye na za Mbazi. Abatekereza ntibakimenya neza amazina byitwaga kera, aliko rero, bazi ko ayo mazina yahazanywe n’Abanyiginya, kugira ngo imirwa yabo ibafatire indeka, ibihugu bahinduye vuba bibe imbata yabo. 30 – Tuzi ko umurwa wa Kigali ali umurwa ukomeye cyane w’Abanyiginya, n’icyambu cyawo cya Nyaruteja. Aho ibi bihugu by’u Bwanamukali bigaruliwe, umusozi ujya gushokera mu Kanyaru witwa Kigali, undi uwegereye witwa Nyaruteja ; uko ndora ukabanza kwali ukugira ngo uko ayo mazina yabambukije Nyabarongo bagatsinda i Nduga, azongere abageze mu Burundi, hakulya y’a Kanyaru. Ku murwa wa Kigali kandi, hali ahitwa mu Ruhango kwa Mibambwe I Mutabazi ; haliho n’ikigabiro cyitwa Nangingare. Mu Ruhango rwa Mutakara ho mu Nduga na ho, hali kwa Mibambwe II Gisanura, kandi hakaba ikigabiro cyitwa Nangingare! Numvise ko no mu Rukoma, haliho Ruhango rwa Kanyinya, hahoze ali kwa Mibambwe III Sentabyo. Urwo Ruhango rwa Kanyinya, ngo ni ho hubatse ikigo cy’Abaprotestanti b’i Remera ; ni cyo cyimuye n’ikigabiro cya Mibambwe III cyitwaga Nangingare na cyo. Uko ndora, rero, iyaba iby’Ubwiru byashoboraga kuvugwa baba baratubwiye icyo izina lya Mibambwe lipfana n’ilya Ruhango, n’ilya Nangingare. 31 – Byongeye kandi, u Buganza hahi umurwa wa Mwulire, hamwe na Rwamagana. Bigeze i Kigali, mu gitwa cy’uwo murwa haba Mwulire na ho; bira genda bigeze mu Bwanamukali, muli Provinsi Busanza-Sud, haba Mwulire wa Save; iyo Mwulire wa Save yo yahinduwe vuba cyane, ku ngoma ya Cyilima II Rujugira. Izina hitwaga mbere ni Runyinya ; lyasigaye no mu Gisigo cya kera cyane cyitwa Bantumye kubaza umuhigo. Maze ku murenge waMwulire iyo nshya, haza izina lya Muhima: hasi y’ahahoze ikigabiro. Ab’i Bwami ni cyo gituma bahita Mwulire wa Muhima. Muzi kandi ko ishyamba lya Muhima wa Kigali ho mu Bwanacyambwe, ali lyo lyabagamo amaliba y’Abami, ly’icyubahiro cyane. Tubaye duhiniye aho, kuko tutazi neza amazina yose bagiye bajyana ; twenze ay’ingenzi bazi ko yimukanywe n’Abami. Ayo ngira ngo yatwumvisha ko uwashilika ubute agakulikirana byose, yashobora kugenda ayoborwa n’amazina bikamugeza kure. 32 – Aliko rero izina ly’Abanyiginya lirusha ayandi kutugeza kure mu macumbi yabo baza ino, ni ilya RWANDA. Muzi ko iki gihugu kitahoze cyitwa Rwanda; agahugu kagiraga izina lyako, akandi ilyako : amwe twayavuze mbere (reba 1, N. 39), andi ntitwashoboye kuyamenya. Ilya Rwanda lyazanywe n’Abanyiginya. Nali narumvise ko mu Nkore habayo ilyo zina lya Rwanda, bukeye mbaza Nyakwubahwa Padri Nicolet, (Umukuru wa Misiyoni ya Mbarara). Aransubiza ati: « Abanyankore bazi ahantu hatatu hitwa Rwanda. 1. Rwanda-rweru; ni ahantu h’umukenke cyane, nta biti bihali ; kera hakomerwaga amashyo y’Umwami wa Nkore gusa, kandi nta muntu washoboraga kuhatwika uruhira Umwami atabanje kubyitegekera. Ni ruguru ya Mbarara, mu rugendo rwa kilometro 30. 2. Rwanda rwa Kakara cyangwa rwaBati, cyangwa rwa Katoma. Kakara uwo urwo Rwanda rwitilirwa, ni Umuhinda wigeze kuhagabana ; na yo Katoma (mu kinyarwanda: Kavumu) ni umusozi uli mu burengerazuba bw’urwo Rwanda. Ho si heza nko mu Rwanda rweru ; hali udushyamba, hakaba n’imisozi. Rwanda rweru ili muli Provinsi ya Nyabushozi. 3. Rwanda Mitayano, hepfo ya Mpororo, hagati ya Kagitumba n’u Mutara. Padri Nicolet yanyoherereje na karta yerekana aho Rwanda iherereye. Abasoma ibi bazamfasha kumushimira : yatugiliye akamaro twese. Umuntu wo mu Buganda yamaze gusoma ibi, anyandikira ko haliho Rwanda mu gihugu cya Busoga hilya ya Buganda. Ambwira n’uko mu Busoga amazina y’imisozi ali amazina bwite y’uwahakonze ishyamba wese, cyangwa wahatuye bwa mbere. 33 – N’uko rero ibyo twabanje kubona byo kwimukana amazina mu cyerekezo kimwe, ni kwakundi. Rwanda-rweru iyo, ni iya gatatu tuzi, kuko iya mbere ali Rwanda y’i Busoga na Rwanda rwa Katoma ili hilya mu burasirazuba bwa Rwanda-rweru. Byagera rero muli iyo Provinsi ya Nyabushozi, bigaculika bikaza ino. Aho Abanyankore bita Rwanda-Mitayano, ho mu Mutara, ubanza ali ho Abanyarwanda bita Rwanda rwa Binaga, ho mu Rweya. Sinigeze mu Rweya ngo ndebe uko hatandukanye n’Urutare rw’Ikinani twabonye mu Gitekerezo cy’Ibimanuka. Abatekereza b’ino bazi ko Abanyiginya ba mbere batinze mu Rweya, aho bali batuye hafi ya Binaga bakahita ilyo zina lya Rwanda. 34 – Bukeye bimutse Rwanda rwa Binaga, bavuye rero mu Rweya, baraza batura ku nkiko y’u Buliza na Bwanacyarabwe na Buganza-Nord; mbese rwose aho umugezi wa Nyabugogo usohokera muli Muhazi. Bahageze ku bulyo tuzatekereza nyuma, bamaze kuremya ingoma, umurwa wabo w’iremezo ali Gasabo ka Rutunga, bahagira Rwanda rwa Gasabo. Ni agashoro ka Gasabo kerekeza mu rufunzo rwa Munyeli, gateganye n’ishyamba lya Nyamigina. Bamwe bahita Rwanda rwa Ndanyoye, ku mpamvu y’akarutu biteganye kitwa Ndanyoye. Bavuga ko Rwanda rwa Gasabo ali yo yatumye iki gihugu cyitwa RWANDA. Abanyiginya bagitangira kwigarulira ibihugu, umusozi batsinze wose wazaga usanga Rwanda. Aho kuli Rwanda ni ho ngo babyaliye impfizi ya Gihanga y’Ubwami Rugira, n’insumba yayo Ingizi. Iyo ni yo Rwanda rugali rwa Gasabo: ni yo mwumva Abanyiginya bagira bati: « Ni iwacu hakuru! » Aliko Abanyiginya banze gushirwa : aho batsindiye i Nduga bahazana ilyo zina na none ; baliha agasozi ko ku murwa wa Kamonyi, haba Rwanda rwa Kamonyi kugira ngo i Nduga ibe imbata yayo. 35 – Ngibyo iby’imizire y’Abanyiginya. Nta washidikanya ko babanje gutura mu Nkore. Ilyo zina lya Rwanda bihambiliyeho ni ilyabo. Mwibuke ko n’ilyo zina lyabo lyo kwitwa Abanyiginya, ali urunyankore! Bivuga ngo abantu barambye ku bukire n’ubupfura, batali ibyihuture bya vuba, cyangwa se ngo babe abakire bahoranye ubukene. Ngurwo urwandiko Abanyiginya bagiye basiga inzira yose, ruturangira aho banyuze. Na none si byinshi cyane, aliko rero uko nabonye karta yabyo, aho Rwanda itugarukilije si hafi cyane : uwahajya yarara nzira kenshi ! Abanyiginya bageze ino kera cyane. 36 – Ibi na none nzi ko Abanyarwanda bakwifuza kubimenya ; aliko rero haliho abazi indimi z’inzungu benshi cyane bazabisoma. Ahanini ni bo mbyandikiye, kuko bigeze gusoma ibitabo byinshi bigerageza kutubwira umubare ucishilije w’imyaka Abatutsi bamaze mu Rwanda. Uko nabibonye kandi abanditse bene ibyo bitabo, ntibagaragaje neza ko mbere y’Abanyiginya higeze kuza abandi Batutsi nk’uko twabitekereje mbere. Bemeje ko Abanyiginya babaye Abatutsi ba mbere na mbere bahingutse muli ibi bihugu. Maze ibyo bitabo bikagira biti : « Abatutsi bamaze ino imyaka nka 200, cyangwa se 300 niba bikabije kujya kera! » 37 – Umuntu arora, abavuga iyo myaka 200 na 300, babiterwa no kwikulikilira gusa ibitekerezo bumva mu matwi, batabanje gushishoza aho u Rwanda rw’iremezo rugandiye! Dore u Rwanda rw’iremezo, rwashobora kukwereka ukuntu Abanyiginya bamaze ino iminsi, warushakira mu Mihango y’i Bwami, ukarushakira mu mitegekere y’ingabo, no mu mimerere y’imitwe y’inka, no mu bindi byinshi tutiliwe turondora byose. Nko mu Mihango y’i Bwami kugeza ubu nasobanuje Imihango 46, n’Abanyamihango bayo, n’ukuntu byakorwaga. Ubyitegereje wasanga ababitegetse bali abahanga cyane, kuko bihimbitse neza, kandi bigakorwa ku bulyo busobanuye cyane. Mbese rwose ubyumvise ukabigereranya n’ibyo dutekererezwa byo mu Bulayi, wabona ko ali Abazungu banyarukiye ino bakabyigisha Umwami, hanyuma bakisubilira i wabo. Aliko rero iby’Abanyamihango b’i Bwami ni birebire cyane: si ibyo gutekerezwa ubu; byihaliye igitabo cyabyo. Ibyo bilimo icyiciro cy’Abiru tujya twumva : ngibyo ibintu bihanitse ubuhanga rwose, byatangaza abantu bose, iyaba bali babizi ! 38 – Uretse rero iyo Mihango y’i Bwarni, abenshi baracyibuka ubwenge bw’ingabo z’imitwe yose : uko bamenya inkomoko y’imitwe, n’ibitekerezo byayo ; n’ukuntu bahuruzaga ingabo, n’Abatasi bo ku nkiko bazimenyeshaga ibili muli icyo gihugu ziteye ; n’imihango bagiraga y’itabaro. N’imitwe y’inka itunzwe n’iyo mitwe y’ingabo, bikagenda bibangikanye: ugabanye umutwe w’ingabo akaba agabanye n’uw’inka zabo ! Mbese rwose, aho bizandikirwa byose ngira ngo haliho n’Abanyarwanda benshi bizatungura, uretse n’Abazungu. Utu tugambo mbabwiye sitwo twabamara agahinda na none, ngo tubereke ibyo bintu byose byalimo ubuhanga cyane. 39 – Dore i Bwami habaga Abanyamuhango bitwa Abanyabyuma. Umulimo wabo ukaba uwo kumenya ibintu byo mu magaza y’Umwami: an amahembe y’inzovu, ali ibyambarwa by’amoko yose, ali imyambaro y’Abami ba kera, cyangwa intwaro zabo. Bakamenya n’intwaro Umwami yacurishaga zo kugabulira ingabo mu matabaro ali inkota, ali imitana ali amacumu, ali ingabo, ali imiheto. Bakamenya rero n’amayoga atuwe yo guha abahungu, n’imitsama yo kwenga amayoga yandi. Ibyo ni ukubibabwira mumagambo make, kuko ibyo mu Banyabyuma ali ibintu birebire cyane. Kuva kera Abanyabyuma bategekwaga n’umuntu umwe ; aliko rero Rwabugili arema andi magaza ; Abanyabyuma baba ukubili noneho, kuko ubwe yali yarungutse ibintu bitagira umubare, ali ibyo yicurulizaga mu Batware, ali ibyo yaturwaga n’amahanga y’i Karagwe n’u Bujinja, by’imyenda, n’ibindi bya kizungu. Ayo magaza ye y’ibintu bishya ayita Urwunguko. 40 – Igitero cyajyaga guhaguruka, Abanyabyuma bagahabwa abikorezi b’amayoga, n’abahetsi b’imitsana n’imihoro, n’ab’intwaro zose. Aho baza kugera, Umwami ashatse ko aliho baca ingando, Abatware bakaza kwaka imihoro bakayigabanywa, bagacisha ingando. Byarangira, imihoro yose ikagaruka mu Banyabyuma, ikazongera gutangwa kandi bukeye bageze aho gucirwa ingando. Hagira kandi ingabo zihuruzwa zidafite imiheto cyane, cyangwa n’imyambi, cyangwa se n’izindi ntwaro : Umwarni agategeka ko Abanyabyuma babiha ababikeneye. 41 – Ubwo kandi aho Umwami yabaga atashye, inzu ze zo mu ngando zikubakwa n’Abanyamuhango bitwaga Abatcra: bagendanaga ibisenge bitunze babyikoreye, aho bageze ako kanya inzu ikaba yuzuye. Bamara kuyuzuza, abitwa Abanyansika bakàzana ibibambano bakayishyiramo izo nsika bagendanaga. Byarangira abitwaga Abagendanyi bakazana ibirago n’ibyahi, bagasasa; aliko isaso yaciwe n’abandi banyamuhango bitwaga Abanyamuheto. Abitwaga rero Abanyabigagara bagendanaga ibisabo n’ibicuba by’amata bakabuganiza, bagacunda. Bakamenya isuku y’ibyahi n’imbilibili. Ubwo rero Abavunangoma bakazana inkwi bagacana mu mazu, kuko bagendanaga izo nkwi nyine. Ubwo kandi igihe ibyo byose bitararangira, abitwaga Banyirumugezi bakaba barangije kare kweza iliba balibuvomemo amazi akoreshwa mu by’i Bwami: bakalitazura neza bakalyubakaho inzu yo kulirinda ibisiga ngo bitalitamo umwanda. Umulyango w’iyo nzu ukaralirwa iteka n’abo banyamuhango ngo hatagira undi uvoma ku iliba ly’Umwarni. Muli urwo rugo kandi hagaharurwa n’abitwaga Abakutsi, akaba ali bo bayora ivu. Mbese rwose uwabisubiramo byose, kandi abikuye ruhande, mwasanga nta kintu gisa na byo. Ubwo kandi ku rugendo, ni ko, umutwe umwe w’Abanyamuhango wabaga wikoreye ibyawo n’abantu bawo : bagera mumacumbi, cyangwa bagiye guca ingando, umuntu akarangiza umulimo we, undi uwe. Aho buza kwilira, Abanyamuhango bitwaga Abakannyi bakaza kurara izamu. Bwacya bose bagahambira ibyabo: Umwami agahekwa n’abatwa, Abamikazi bagahekwa n’Intarindwa, abanyamihango bakigabanya ibyabo: bagashyira nzira. 42 – Ibyo bintu byose, n’ibindi tutiliwe tuvuga byahimbwe mu gihe kingana iki? N’uko nyine tutavuze iby’imitwe y’ingabo byaba birebire cyane kandi aha ngaha atali umwanya wabyo. Tuzi ko Abami ba kera batoraga intore, bagakurana. Umwami yamara gutanga, abo babyirukanye basaza na abo, itorero lyaboligashira lityo, kuko Umwami mushya yitoreraga ize na we akabyirukana na zo. Hanyuma bitinze bibuka ibyo kurema ingerero: intore Umwami yatoye zikaguma aho ; yamara gutanga zigahabwa umugaba : abana bazo bakazisimbura mu matorero, bityo bityo : bigeza ubu. Ibyo byali bizanywe n’uko mbere nta mahanga yateraga u Rwanda, ngo habe intambara ihozaho. Aho bene iyo mirwano yadukiye, bibuka kutareka imitwe isaza ; ahubwo ndetse umutwe ugashingwa inkiko yawo. Hanyurna aho iyo mitwe imaliye guhama, umwami yibuka kuzana ishyaka lyo kworora inyambo ze: umutwe w’inyambo akawubangikanya n’uw’ingabo, uko abahutu ,bahatswe n’izo ngabo, nabo babaga icyunguro cy’uwo mutwe, bibuka ko n’inkuku zose zitunzwe n’abo muli izo ngabo, ziba icyunguro cy’uwo mutwe w’inyambo. Ibyo byose mwakwibwira ko byahimbwe mu myaka ingahe? 43 – Kugira ngo ngerageze kubereka ko bitashoboka mu myaka 200, ndetse na 300, reka mbahe urugero ku byo tuzi byenda kumera nk’ibyo mu Rwanda. Ni ibyo muli Kliziya bizwi na bose. Muzi ko Yezu yaremye Kliziya ye, akayishyiramo gusa ubukuru bwa Gipapa, n’ubwa Cyepiskopi, n’ubwa Gisaserdoti. Ubwa mbere bigitangira, Abakristu bakili bake, n’Abepiskopi bali bake : ikivuzwe kikumvikana bitagoye. Aliko rero, Abakristu bamaze kugwira, Kliziya imaze gukwira mu bihugu byinshi, haba Abepiskopi benshi. Ubutegetsi bwa Kliziya burazamba. Bibuka rero kurema za Provinsi muli Kliziya, Abepiskopi bo mu karere kamwe, begeranye, bagatorwa mo umwe muli bo uzaba nk’Umutware wa Provinsi iyo ya Kliziya. Uwo Mutware wabo akaba Umwepiskopi wo mu kigo gikuru cyo muli ako gahugu kabo, akitwa Arkepiskopi, ali byo kuvuga ngo : Umutegeka w’Abepiskopi. Ibyo bitegekerwa mu Nama-Nkuru y’i Niseya, mu mwaka wa 325 nyuma y’Ukuvuka kwa Yezu. 44 – Bukeye rero, mu mwaka wa 451, haba indi Nama-Nkuru y’i Kalsedoniya ; bibuka ko Abarkepiskopi bamwe bakwiliye icyubahiro gisumbye icy’abandi, kuko bategeka ibigo byagezemo Ubukristu ku gihe cy’Intumwa, Bati: « Kliziya zigeze gutegekwa n’Intumwa, Abarkespiskopi bazo bitwe izina lya Patriarki, ali byo kuvuga : Abarkepiskopi b’Ibigo Bikurambere. Patriarki rero agategeka igihugu kilimo Abarkepiskopi benshi : mbese rwose Abepiskopi basanzwe bakamera nk’Ibisonga mu Rwanda; Abarkepiskopi bakamera nk’Abatware b’Intebe; Abapatriarki bakamera nk’Umutegeka wa Territwari. Ni uko nyine ibihugu byabaga biruta u Rwanda kure. Akamaro kabyo, ni uko akantu kadukaga mu gihugu, aho kugira ngo Umwepiskopi ahere ko akageza kuli Papa, yakabwiraga Arkepiskopi we bikarangilira iyo ndetse. Kwa Papa hakagera gusa ibintu bikomeye. Papa na we yaba ashatse kugira icyo abwira abo Bepiskopi, ntiyilirwe abandikira bose: ali nama abagisha, ali ikindi ababaza, akabibwira Arkepiskopi wabo, na we akabibashyikiliza. Aliko rero mwibuke ko ubwo busumbane bwabo, ali impamvu yo gushaka gutegeka neza : icyo cyubahiro cy’Abapatriarki n’Abarkepiskopi, n’Abepiskopi gisumbana mu maso y’abantu gusa: Mu maso ya Yezu bose ni Abepiskopi gusa. 45 – Ibyo rero bivuyeho : iby’Ubutegetsi bwa Kliziya mu Bakristu noneho byoroheye Papa. Aliko rero buhoro buhoro, Abapapa bashaka abantu babagira inama i Roma, n’ababafasha gutegeka ibya Kliziya y’i Roma nyilizina. Abasaserdoti b’icyubahiro b’i Roma, bali Abapadri Bakuru ba Kliziya zo muli uwo murwa, batangira kwitwa Abakardinali, ku ngoma ya Papa Damasi I Mutagatifu (kuva mu wa 366 kugeza mu wa 384). Uko imyaka yahitaga indi igataha, ni ko Papa yagiraga imilimo ikomeye yo gutegeka Kliziya yose yali yasakaye mu bihugu bitabalika. Abepiskopi rero bakikije Roma, akabahamagara bakamugira inama; ndetse hakaba n’abandi aha Ubwepiskopi bagahama aho i Roma. Kuva mu wa 700 hatunguka Abakardinali b’Abepiskopi, n’ab’Abasaserdoti n’ab’Abadiyakoni. Kuva mu wa 1100, Abakardinali b’Abepiskopi, bakajya imbere y’Abepiskopi bandi mu cyubahiro ; bagahabwa ibyicaro by’imbere. 46 – Mu mwaka wa 1059, Papa Nikola II abaha umubare mwinshi mu batoraga Papa; mu wa 1179, Papa Alegisandre III aba ali bo yegulira ububasha bwo gutora Papa bonyine. Kuva mu wa 1245, bahabwa icyubahiro gisumbye ndetse n’icy’Abapatriarki: Umukardinali wese, ndetse ali n’uwo mu cyiciro cy’Abadiyakoni, akabasumba. Babonye ko Ubukardinali burushije ibindi icyubahiro, batangira kubutorera abarusha abandi ubuhanga mu by’ubwenge. Papa Innosenti III (kuva mu wa 1198 kugeza mu wa 1216) aba ali we ubimbura gutora Abakardinali mu bihugu byose, kuko mbere bali Abataliyani b’i Roma gusa. Mu wa 1245, Papa Innosenti IV abaha kugira ingofero y’umuhemba y’ikimenyetso cyabo. Kuva mu wa 1389 aba ali bo batorwamo Papa bonyine. Papa Paulo II (watanze mu wa 1471) abaha imyambaro y’imihemba yo kubamenyetsa. Ibindi byaje hanyuma byasanze Abakardinali bameze uko tubazi ubu. 47- Ibyo birahagije, ni urugero nashatse kubereka; si Amakuru ya Kliziya twandika. Ngaho rero: Kliziya yali mu bihugu byamenyereye ubutegetsi kera ku gihe cy’Abaromani. Byongeye kandi, n’ibyo by’Abarkepiskopi n’Abapatriarki, si Kliziya yabihimbye ; yigannye imitegekere y’Abaromani ba Leta. Izina gusa ni lyo Leta itagiraga, na ho igihugu gikebewe Arkepiskopi, kwali ugukulikiza Umutegeka wa Leta wagitwaraga. Ntimwibagirwe ko imyambaro ya Kliziya n’amategeko yayo n’urulimi rwayo ali rwo Ikilatini: byose Kliziya yabivanye ku Baromani. Maze rero yali ifite icyo ireberaho, yibuka Abarkepiskopi mu wa 325; yibuka Abapatriarki mu va 451.; yibuka Abakardinali by’ukuli mu wa 700; ubukuru bwabo bugumya kwongereka buhoro buhoro, uko twabibonye, birangira neza mu wa 1471. 48 – Abanyiginya baje, batagira undi bareberaho, bihimbira ibyo bintu mu myaka 300 gusa? N’uko nyine inkuru mbalirano ngo ituba: ubyiboneye ubwawe warahira ko Umwirabura wenyine atabishobora mu myaka ingana ityo. Ni cyo cyatumye ngira nti: « Kubaha imyaka mike ityo, ni ukutamenya imihango yose yerekeye Umwami n’inka n’ingabo. » Nta kintu gikorwa kidafite impamvu yatumye bagihimba: impamvu kandi zituma ikintu gihimbwa nta bwo zashobora kugerera aho icyalimwe. Aliko rero iyo mihango yose ntishobora kutubwira iti: « Abanyiginya bamaze imyaka amagana aya n’aya bageze ino! » Icyo bitubwira ni uko batahamaze gusa imyaka 200 cyangwa 300. Mwitegereze ko ntavuze ibyerekeye ubutegetsi bw’igihugu: kuko bashobora kuba barakulikije Abatutsi ba mbere ; ibindi kandi twabonye ko byaba byaraturutse muli Abisiniya navuze gusa iby’Abanyiginya bwite. Nk’iby’iyo Mihango y’i Bwami, nta bwo twakeka ko bayivanye ku Bami ba kera twabanje kuvuga: imitegekere yabo nta bwo yali ifite impamvu yo guhimba iyo Mihango, kuko bategekaga nk’Umutware w’Intebe wifitiye Provinsi ye. N’Abanyiginya bagitangira, bataragwiza ingoma, bakimeze nk’Abatware: urora nta mpamvu bali bafite yo guhimba iyo Mihango. 49- Padri Shanwani nababwiraga (reba 1, n. 11) yavuze ko Ruganzu IBwimba yimye ahagana mu wa 1400. Ni we gusa nabonye rero uvuga ko Abanyiginya baba bamaze ino imyaka irenze 500. Kubara atyo kandi, n’uko yashatse gutangilira ku ngoma ya Ruganzu I Bwimba, utangira Abami bafite Ibitekerezo. Abami ba mbere ya Ruganzu IBwimba nta bifekerezo bagira: ni yo mpamvu yatumye Padri Shanwani atilirwa abavuga. Kuko rero uwo Mupadri ali Umuhanga cyane mu Bumenyi bw’Imilyango, no mu byerekeye ubwenge bw’Ibitekerezo by’Ibihugu, ndabereka ukuntu yagenjeje kugira ngo abare iyo myaka. Abe ali byo dukulikiza: icyo tuza kugerekaho gusa, n’uko dushyiraho n’amazina y’Abami ba mbere ya Ruganzu I Bwimba. Igihe Padri Shanwani yanditse igitabo, bimwe twungutse nta bwo yali yarabibwiwe.